Chapter 2: How Does The Nervous System Function?

Question 0

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 0

Spinal and cranial nerves carrying sensory info to the CNS and carrying motor instructions away from the CNS

Question 1

Genotype

Answer 1

Genetic makeup

Question 2

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 2

Regulates internal organs, prepares for sympathetic or parasympathetic reactions

Question 3

Afferent

Answer 3

Incoming

Question 4

Efferent

Answer 4

Exiting

Question 5

Anterior

Answer 5

Front

Question 6

Posterior

Answer 6

Back

Question 7

Medial

Answer 7

Toward brains midline

Question 8

Lateral

Answer 8

Located towards the sides

Question 9

Rostral

Answer 9

Towards the beak

Question 10

Caudal

Answer 10

Towards the tail

Question 11

Superior/dorsal

Answer 11

Towards the top

Question 15

Coronal section

Answer 15

Cut vertically; frontal view

Question 16

Cerebral cortex

Answer 16

Thin sheet of newbie tissue folded many times to fit in the skull.

Question 17

Meninges: dura mater

Answer 17

“Hard mother;” fibrous tissue

Question 18

Meninges: arachnoid layer

Answer 18

Thin sheet of connective tissue

Question 19

Meninges: pia mater

Answer 19

“Soft mother;” inner layer that clings to brains surface

Question 20

Cerebrum

Answer 20

Major structure of the forebrain, consisting of two hemispheres

Question 21

Cerebellum

Answer 21

“Little brain;” involved in coordination

Question 22

Brainstem

Answer 22

Consists of hindbrain, midbrain, thalamus, and hypothalamus

Responsible for most unconscious behavior

Question 23

Stroke

Answer 23

Sudden appearance of neurological symptoms as a result of severe interruption of blood flow.

Question 24

Arteries in brain

Answer 24

Anterior cerebral artery
Middl cerebral artery
Posterior cerebral artery

Question 25

Four ventricles

Answer 25

Cavities in the brain that contain CSF

Question 26

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

Answer 26

Sodium chloride and other salts

Fills the brain and circulates in subarachnoid space.

Question 27

Meningitis

Answer 27

Infection of the meninges and CSF

Question 28

Grey Matter

Answer 28

Areas of the nervous system predominately composed of cell bodies and blood vessels

Question 29

White matter

Answer 29

Areas of the nervous system rich in fat sheathed neural axons

Question 30

Corpus callosum

Answer 30

Fiber system connecting the two cerebral hemispheres.

Question 31

Neurons

Answer 31

Carry out the brains major functions
Approximately 80 billion
Pyramid cell.

Question 32

Glial cells

Answer 32

Aid and modulate neurons’ activities
Approximately 100 billion.
Astrocyte

Question 33

Nucleus

Answer 33

A group of cells forming a cluster to form a functional group

Question 34

Nerve

Answer 34

Large collection of axons coursing together OUTSIDE the CNS

Question 35

Tract

Answer 35

Large collection of axons coursing together WITHIN the CNS

Question 36

Three major components of the CNS are:

Answer 36

Forebrain
Brainstem
Spinal Cord

Question 37

Spinal cord

Answer 37

Controls most body movements
Can act independently from the brain
Spinal reflex

Question 38

Brainstem

Answer 38

Begins where the spinal cord enters the skull
Receives afferent nerves and sends efferent nerves
Hindbrain, midbrain, diencephalon

Question 39

Hindbrain

Answer 39

Evolutionarily oldest
Controls various motor functions
Cerebellum, reticular formation, medulla, pons

Question 41

Saggital section

Answer 41

Lengthways from front to back

Question 42

Horizontal section

Answer 42

Horizontal, view looking down from above.

Question 51

Inferior/Ventral

Answer 51

Towards the bottom