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ICND1 > Chapter 2 - Ethernet Networking and Data Encapsulation > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Ethernet Networking and Data Encapsulation Flashcards

1
Q

Define Ethernet

A

A contention based, media access method that allows host to share the same links and bandwidth

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2
Q

Define Collision Domain

A

Every device on the segment must process a frame that is sent out. When there is a collision devices must retransmit. Each port on a switch is considered to be a separate collision domain.

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3
Q

Define Broadcast Domain

A

A group of devices that hear all broadcasts sent on the network. Can also refer to a logical segment where devices communicate via a data link

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4
Q

What is CSMA/CD

A

Carrier Sense Multiple Access helps devices share bandwidth while preventing devices from transmitting simultaneously. First it checks the wire and continues to monitor. A jam signal is sent out if another precense is detected.

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5
Q

What is Half Duplex

A

Using CSMA/CD a signal is trasmitted using a one wire pair running in both directions

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6
Q

What is Full Duplex

A

Uses a four wire pair running in both directions simultaneously. Collisions do not happen.

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7
Q

Outline the formula for a MAC address

A 
First 24 bits = Organization Unique Identifier
Last 24 bits = Vendor Assigned
Bit # 47 = Individual/Group Bit
- 0 = MAC Address
- 1 = Multicast address
Bit # 46 = Global/local bit or Universal/Local bit
- 0 is globally administered by IEEE
- 1 is locally governed and administered
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8
Q

Convert 10000000 to Decimal

A

128

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9
Q

Convert 11000000 to decimal

A

192

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10
Q

Convert 11100000 to decimal

A

224

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11
Q

Convert 11110000 to decimal

A

240

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12
Q

Convert 11111000 to decimal

A

248

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13
Q

Convert 11111100 to decimal

A

252

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14
Q

Convert 11111110 to decimal

A

254

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15
Q

Convert 11111111 to decimal

A

255

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16
Q

What is the name for a single hex character

A

nibble

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17
Q

What is the name for two character hex

A

byte

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18
Q

Convert 0x6A to Decimal

A

6 = 0110 & A = 1010
= 01101010
= 128 + 64 + 8 + 4

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19
Q

What is ‘A’ in binary

A

1010

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20
Q

What is ‘B’ in binary

A

1011

21
Q

What is ‘C’ in binary

A

1100

22
Q

What is ‘D’ in binary

A

1101

23
Q

What is 9 in binary

A

1001

24
Q

What is an ethernet frame use for

A

To encapsulate packets passed down from the network layer from some kind of media access

25
Q

Outline the Structure of a frame

A

Preamble | SFD | Destination | Source |Type | Data & Pad | FCS

26
Q

What is a preamble

A

Alternating 0 & 1 provides a 5 MHz clock lock on to the data stream

27
Q

What is a start frame delimeter

A

Preabmle is 7 octets and the SFD is 1 octet. This allows devices to come into the middle of the preamble and still be able to sync up to the beginning.

28
Q

Outline 10BaseTX

A

802.3
Uses CAT3 up to 100m
Devices must connect to a hub or switch
Physical Star or Logical bus topology

29
Q

Outline 100BaseTX

A

802.3U
CAT5 up to 100m
Two pair wiring
Physical Star or Logical bus topology

30
Q

Outline 100Base-FX

A

802.3U
Fiber Cabling - 62.5/125 micron MMF
412 m max
Uses ST/SC Connectors

31
Q

Outline 1000Base-CX

A

802.3z
Copper Twisted Pair
25m max
Uses special 9 pin connector

32
Q

Outline 1000Base-T

A 
802.3ab
CAT5E or higher
Uses four pairs (all pairs)
100m max
1 Gbps
33
Q

Outline 100Base-SX

A

802.3z
1 Gbps ethernet over MMF using short wave
62.5 @ 220m & 50 Micron @ 550m

34
Q

Outline 1000Base-LX

A 
802.3z
Single mode fiber
9 micron core
1300nm laser
3 km to 20 km
35
Q

Outline 1000Base-ZX

A

This is a cisco standard

Single mode fiber over 70 km

36
Q

Outline 10GBase-T

A

802.3an
CAT 6 or higher
100m max

37
Q

What makes the pin out different on a roll over cable

A

The ends mirror each other
1-8
2-7
…

38
Q

What makes the pin out different on a crossover cable

A 
T568A on one side and T568B on the other
1 - 3
2 - 6
3 - 1
4 - 7
5 - 8 
6 - 2
7 - 4 
8 - 5
39
Q

What is a fiber cable made up of and what are the layers to a fiber cable.

A

Glass or plastic core. The smaller the core the farther the distance
Cladding wraps around the core to reflect the light
Buffer protects the glass
Sheathing wraps the entire thing

40
Q

What protocol data unit is used at the network layer

A

Packets and Datagrams

41
Q

What protocol data unit is used at the transport layer

A

Segment

42
Q

What protocol data unit is used at the data link layer

A

frames

43
Q

What protocol data unit is used at the physical layer

A

bits

44
Q

What are the steps to processing data from the transmitter

A
  1. User info converted to data for transmission on network
  2. Data converted is segmented and reliable connection is established
  3. Segments converted to packets/datagrams and logical addressing placed in header
  4. Packts/datagrams converted to frames and hardware address used to identify hosts
  5. Frames -> bits, digital encoding/clocking scheme used
45
Q

What is a socket

A

a virtual circuit that is the source/destination port plus the source/destination IP address

46
Q

What are the three layers in the Cisco Hierarchical Model

A

Core Layer
Distribution Layer
Access Layer

47
Q

Explain the Core layer in the Cisco Hierarchical Model

A
  • Top
  • Responsible for transporting large amounts of traffic reliably & quickly
  • Switch Traffic as fast as possible
  • Every User loses access when failure
  • No access lists, no vlans, no packet filtering
  • Avoid expanding - Upgrades before expansion
  • Design for reliability
  • Design for speed
    Select routing protocols with low convergence times
48
Q

Explain the Distribution layer in the Cisco Hierarchical Model

A

Workgroup layer
provide filtering, routing, and WAN access
Implement policies here
Redistributing between routing protocols
routing between VLAN
Defines multicast & broadcast domains

49
Q

Explain the access layer in the Cisco Hierarchical Model

A 
Desktop layer 
Continues use of access
creates separate collision domains
device connectivity
resiliance and security services
advance technology capabilities

ICND1 (3 decks)

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