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ICND1 > Chapter 1 - Internetworking > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Internetworking Flashcards

1
Q

Define: Broadcast Domain

A

A set of all devices on a network which are allowed to hear all broadcasts on that specific segment

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2
Q

What causes traffic congestion (major factors)

A 
Too many hosts
Broadcast Storms
Too much multicast
Low bandwidth
Adding hubs for connectivity
ARP broadcasts
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3
Q

What are four ways a router functions in a network

A

Packet switching
Packet filtering
Internetwork communication
Path selection

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4
Q

What are the names of the layers in the OSI model

A 
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
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5
Q

What are the typical things you will find in the application layer

A

File, print, message, databases, and application servers.

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6
Q

What happens in the Presentation layer

A

Presents the data to the application layer. Data encryption, compression and translation happen

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7
Q

What happens in the Session layer

A

Keeps data separate from each other and handles dialog control

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8
Q

What purpose does the transport layer fulfill

A

Provides reliable (TCP) or unreliable (UDP) and performs error correction. Maintains the end to end connections

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9
Q

What purpose does the network layer fulfill

A

Provides logical addressing and routes traffic

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10
Q

What does the data link layer do

A

Combines packets into bytes and bytes into frames. Also provides access to media using MAC addressing and performs error detection.

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11
Q

What is the physical layer and what does it do

A

Items you can physically touch. They move bits between devices, specify voltages, wire speed, and pinouts.

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12
Q

What is a collision domain

A

A term used to describe a network scenario in which one segment is forced to pay attention no matter what

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13
Q

Why do we use VLANS

A

to logically break up broadcast domains in a layer 2 switched network

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14
Q

What is a WLAN controller

A

Used to manage medium to large number of access points

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15
Q

Define Reference model

A

A conceptual blueprint of how communications should take place. Divides processes into layers

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16
Q

What do the top three layers of the OSI model define

A

How applications communicate between hosts

17
Q

What do the bottom four layers of the OSI model define

A

how data is transferred through physical media and how to rebuild data from transmitting hosts.

18
Q

Outline the Application Layer of the OSI Model

A

The application layer acts as a interface between the application and the next layer down by providing ways for the application to send info down through the protocol stack. Communication is identified and confirms for partner availability and verifies the resources needed to permit the type of communication to take place

19
Q

Outline the Presentation Layer

A

Presents data to the application layer and is responsible for data translation and code formatting. The presentation layer formats the data in a generic way so that the receiving computer can read it. Generic data is formatted to its original state when receiving.

20
Q

Outlne the Session Layer

A

Set up, manage, and tear down sessiosn between presentation layer entities and will keep user data separate.
Has three modes
1. Simplex - one way communication
2. Half-Duplex - Two way, but only one at a time
3. Full-Duplex - Two way communication simultaneously.

21
Q

Outline the transport Layer

A

Segments and reassembles data into a single data stream. Provides end to end data transport services and establishes a logical connection between the sender and the destination
** TCP & UDP reside here **
- Hides details of network dependent info
Provides mechanisms for multiplexing upper-layer applications

22
Q

What is flow control and what layer is this a feature of

A

To ensure data integrity at the transport layer by allowing applications to request reliable data transport. This prevents overflow.
Segments are delivered are acknowledged, and if acknowledge not received it is resent.
This is a part of the transport layer

23
Q

What is the purpose of Windowing and what layer is this a feature of

A

The quantity of data segments the transmitting machine can send without an acknowledgment. Measured in bytes, this is used to control the amount of outstanding acknowledgements

24
Q

Define Positive Achknowledgement

A

The receiver is required to communicate back to the sender with an ACK. Should the receiver not respond before a predetermined time out period the data will be retransmitted

25
Q

What happens in the Network Layer

A

Device addressing, location tracking, and determining the most efficient route are all functions that happen here. Routers operate at this layer.x

26
Q

What are three components of the Routing Table

A

Network Addresses: different routing tables are kept for different schemas
Interfaces: The exit interface a packet will take when destined for a specific network

27
Q

What does the Data Link Layer encompass

A

Provides the physical transmission of data transfer and provides error notification, network topology, and flow control
Ensures data is delivered to proper device using hardware addressing
Two Sublayers
1) Media Access Control: in charge of physical addressing, line disicpline, logical topologies, error notification, ordered delivery of frames, and optional flow control
2) Logical Link Control: Indentifies network protocols and encapsulates them

28
Q

What functions do switches and bridges perform

A

Track what port a frame was received on and adds it to the filter table. If the switch does not recognize it sends it to all connected deivces and adds it to the table if a device replies.

29
Q

What does the physical layer encompass

A

Sends and recieves bits that can be represented in different ways.
- State transitions - voltages high to low
- varying audio tones
Specifies the electrical, mechanical, procedural and functional requirements for activating maintain and deactivating a physical link between end systems.

30
Q

What are 6 topologies to remember

A 
Mesh
Star
Logical 
Physical 
Ring
Bus
31
Q

What is a mesh topology

A

Every network device is connected to each other

32
Q

What is a Star topology

A

Central device connects computers and network devices together

33
Q

What is a Ring topology

A

cable starts & ends at same point.

34
Q

What is a logical topology

A

defines a logical path on which the signal will travel

ICND1 (3 decks)

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