Chapter 2: Digestion

Question 1

What is the alimentary canal?

Answer 1

The route food takes from the mouth to the anus

Question 2

List the order of the alimentary canal

Answer 2

Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, large intestine, small intestine, rectum, anus

Question 3

What happens in the mouth?

Answer 3

Food is masticated into smaller molecules

Question 4

What happens in the oesophagus?

Answer 4

Process if peristalsis, food is pushed through to the stomach

Question 5

What happens in the stomach?

Answer 5

Hydrochloride Acid breaks down enzymes in food through churning

Question 6

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 6

To remove or break down toxins in the body

Question 7

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 7

To absorb nutrients into the blood stream

Question 8

What is the function of the gall bladder?

Answer 8

Releases enzymes into the small intestine

Question 9

Function of large intestine?

Answer 9

Absorb more water from remaining indigestible food matter and transmits waste

Question 10

Function of the pancreas?

Answer 10

Regulates blood and sugar

Question 11

Function of rectum?

Answer 11

Acts as a storehouse for feces

Question 12

Function of anus?

Answer 12

Excretion- releases waste

Question 13

Role of the digestive system?

Answer 13

Breaking down large insoluble molecules of food and turning them into smaller soluble molecules of food

Question 14

What is absorption?

Answer 14

Small digested molecules being taken into the bloodstream/ body

Question 15

What is egestion?

Answer 15

Where faeces are pushed out of the anus

Question 16

What is ingestion?

Answer 16

Taking food into the body through the mouth

Question 17

What is the function of the villi?

Answer 17

Increases the surface area of the small intestine so more particles can diffuse into the bloodstream

Question 18

What is diffusion and how does it take place in the digestive system?

Answer 18

Where particles move from a high concentration (small intestine) to a low concentration (blood)

Question 19

Word equation for lipase enzymes

Answer 19

Fat is turned into glycerol and fatty acid

Question 20

What is the word equation for protease enzymes

Answer 20

Protein is turned into amino acids

Question 21

What is the word equation for the enzyme carbohydrase

Answer 21

Starch is turned into glucose

Question 22

Explain the connection between the bolus and the enzyme

Answer 22

The bolus connects with the enzyme through the active site and makes an enzyme substrate complex. The substrate is broken into a product (food)