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Statistics > Chapter 2: Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Displays > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Descriptive Statistics: Tabular and Graphical Displays Flashcards

1
Q

categorical data

A

labels or names used to identify categories of like items.

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2
Q

quantitative data

A

numerical values that indicate how much or how many.

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3
Q

data visualization

A

a term used to describe the use of graphical displays to summarize and present information about a data set.

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4
Q

frequency distribution

A

a tabular summary of data showing the number (frequency) of observations in each of several nonoverlapping categories or classes.

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5
Q

relative frequency distribution

A

a tabular summary of data showing the fraction or proportion of observations in each of several nonoverlapping categories or classes.

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6
Q

percent frequency distribution

A

a tabular summary of data showing the percentage of observations in each of several nonoverlapping classes.

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7
Q

bar chart

A

a graphical device for depicting categorical data that have been summarized in a frequency, relative frequency, or percent frequency distribution.

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8
Q

pie chart

A

a graphical device for presenting data summaries based on subdivision of a circle into sectors that correspond to the relative frequency for each class.

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9
Q

class midpoint

A

the value halfway between the lower and upper class limits.

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10
Q

dot plot

A

a graphical device that summarizes data by the number of dots above each data value on the horizontal axis.

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11
Q

histogram

A

a graphical display of a frequency distribution, relative frequency distribution, or percent frequency distribution of quantitative data constructed by placing the class intervals on the horizontal axis.

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12
Q

cumulative frequency distribution

A

a tabular summary of quantitative data showing the number of data values that are less that or equal to the upper class limit of each class.

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13
Q

cumulative relative frequency distribution

A

a tabular summary of quantitative data showing the fraction or proportion of data values that are less than or equal to the upper class limit of each class.

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14
Q

cumulative percent frequency distribtuion

A

a tabular summary of quantitative data showing the percentage of data values that are less than or equal to the upper class limit of each class.

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15
Q

stem-and-lead display

A

a graphical display used to show simultaneously the rank order and shape of a distribution of data.

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16
Q

crosstabulation

A

a tabular summary of data for two variables. the classes for one variable are represented by the rows; the classes for the other variable are represented by the columns.

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17
Q

simpson’s paradox

A

conclusions drawn from two or more separate crosstabulations that can be reversed when the data are aggregated into a single crosstabulation.

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18
Q

scatter diagram

A

a graphical display of the relationship between two quantitative variables. one variable is shown on the horizontal axis and the other variable is shown on the vertical axis.

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19
Q

trendline

A

a line that provides an approximation of the relationship between two variables.

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20
Q

side-by-side bar chart

A

a graphical display for depicting multiple bar charts on the same display.

21
Q

stacked bar chart

A

a bar chart in which each bar is broken into rectangular segments of a different color showing the relative frequency of each class in a manner similar to a pie chart.

22
Q

data dashboard

A

a set of visual displays that organizes and presents information that is used to monitor the performance of a company or organization in a manner that is easy to read, understand, and interpret.

23
Q

relative frequency formula

A

frequency of the class/ n

24
Q

approximate class width formula

A

(largest data value-smallest data value)/ number of classes

25
Q

labels or names used to identify categories of like items.

A

categorical data

26
Q

numerical values that indicate how much or how many.

A

quantitative data

27
Q

a term used to describe the use of graphical displays to summarize and present information about a data set.

A

data visualization

28
Q

a tabular summary of data showing the number (frequency) of observations in each of several nonoverlapping categories or classes.

A

frequency distribution

29
Q

a tabular summary of data showing the fraction or proportion of observations in each of several nonoverlapping categories or classes.

A

relative frequency distribution

30
Q

a tabular summary of data showing the percentage of observations in each of several nonoverlapping classes.

A

percent frequency distribution

31
Q

a graphical device for depicting categorical data that have been summarized in a frequency, relative frequency, or percent frequency distribution.

32
Q

a graphical device for presenting data summaries based on subdivision of a circle into sectors that correspond to the relative frequency for each class.

33
Q

the value halfway between the lower and upper class limits.

A

class midpoint

34
Q

a graphical device that summarizes data by the number of dots above each data value on the horizontal axis.

35
Q

a graphical display of a frequency distribution, relative frequency distribution, or percent frequency distribution of quantitative data constructed by placing the class intervals on the horizontal axis.

36
Q

a tabular summary of quantitative data showing the number of data values that are less that or equal to the upper class limit of each class.

A

cumulative frequency distribution

37
Q

a tabular summary of quantitative data showing the fraction or proportion of data values that are less than or equal to the upper class limit of each class.

A

cumulative relative frequency distribution

38
Q

a tabular summary of quantitative data showing the percentage of data values that are less than or equal to the upper class limit of each class.

A

cumulative percent frequency distribtuion

39
Q

a graphical display used to show simultaneously the rank order and shape of a distribution of data.

A

stem-and-lead display

40
Q

a tabular summary of data for two variables. the classes for one variable are represented by the rows; the classes for the other variable are represented by the columns.

A

crosstabulation

41
Q

conclusions drawn from two or more separate crosstabulations that can be reversed when the data are aggregated into a single crosstabulation.

A

simpson’s paradox

42
Q

a graphical display of the relationship between two quantitative variables. one variable is shown on the horizontal axis and the other variable is shown on the vertical axis.

A

scatter diagram

43
Q

a line that provides an approximation of the relationship between two variables.

44
Q

a graphical display for depicting multiple bar charts on the same display.

A

side-by-side bar chart

45
Q

a bar chart in which each bar is broken into rectangular segments of a different color showing the relative frequency of each class in a manner similar to a pie chart.

A

stacked bar chart

46
Q

a set of visual displays that organizes and presents information that is used to monitor the performance of a company or organization in a manner that is easy to read, understand, and interpret.

A

data dashboard

47
Q

frequency of the class/ n

A

relative frequency formula

48
Q

(largest data value-smallest data value)/ number of classes

A

approximate class width formula

Statistics (3 decks)

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