Chapter 2 Defs

Question 1

constitution

Answer 1

A document Text sets out the fundamental principles of government and establishes the institutions of government

Question 2

republics

Answer 2

Government Ruled by representatives of the people

Question 3

Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union

Answer 3

Created A Union of sovereign states in which the state were supreme

Question 4

unicameral

Answer 4

government with only one legislative house or chamber

Question 5

Shay’s Rebellion

Answer 5

Rebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures

Question 6

Constitutional Convention

Answer 6

A meeting which how to fix the articles of confederation, Resulted in the new constitution

Question 7

writ of habeas corpus

Answer 7

a court order to a person or institution holding someone in custody to deliver the imprisoned person to the court.

Question 8

bills of attainder

Answer 8

legislation that imposes punishment on a specific person or group of people without a judicial trial.

Question 9

ex post facto laws

Answer 9

law that imposes criminal liability or increases criminal punishment retroactively

Question 10

Virginia Plan

Answer 10

a proposal for a new form of government and called for the number of votes each state received in Congress to be based on population

Question 11

The New Jersey Plan

Answer 11

a unicameral Congress where each state would be represented equally, one vote per state.

Question 12

Grand Committee

Answer 12

Committee organized at the Constitutional Convention that was created to solve

Question 13

Great (Connecticut) Compromise

Answer 13

compromise provided for a bicameral legislature, with representation in the House of Representatives according to population and in the Senate by equal numbers for each state.

Question 14

bicameral

Answer 14

The system of having two chambers within one legislative body

Question 15

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 15

three-fifths of the enslaved population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives

Question 16

Compromise on Importation

Answer 16

Congress would not be allowed to restrict slave trade until 1808

Question 17

separation of powers

Answer 17

Constitutional division of powers, no one branch can become too powerful

Question 18

checks and balances

Answer 18

Each branch has powers that can prevent other branches from making policy

Question 19

federalism

Answer 19

The Sharing of power between national government and states

Question 20

legislative branch

Answer 20

in charge of making laws

Question 21

expressed or enumerated powers

Answer 21

those powers explicitly, or expressly, identified in the Constitution

Question 22

commerce clause

Answer 22

A clause in the US Constitution that gives Congress the power to regulate commerce between states and with foreign nations.

Question 23

necessary and proper or elastic clause

Answer 23

section of the U.S. Constitution that allows Congress to make laws that are necessary for carrying out its other powers.

Question 24

implied powers

Answer 24

political powers granted to the United States government that aren’t explicitly stated in the Constitution

Question 25

executive branch

Answer 25

the President to carry out the laws passed by congress

Question 26

judicial branch

Answer 26

The system of federal courts

Question 27

supremacy clause

Answer 27

Declares that national treasuries and laws shall be the supreme law of the land

Question 28

amendment

Answer 28

a change or addition to the terms of a contract or document, would be slow and difficult

Question 29

Federalists

Answer 29

supporter of the proposed Constitution

Question 30

Antifederalists

Answer 30

individuals who opposed the Constitution

Question 31

Federalist Papers

Answer 31

a collection of essays, written in favour of the new Constitution, as agreed upon by the Federal Convention

Question 32

Federalist No. 51

Answer 32

Each branch of government is framed so that its power checks the power of the other two branches

Question 33

faction

Answer 33

Describes the problem of fraction and explains how the constitution provides a solution

Question 34

Federalist No. 10

Answer 34

Describes the problem of factions and how the constitution provides a solution