Chapter 2 Definitions

Question 1

chemical change

Answer 1

a change in the chemical composition of a substance to produce a new substance

Question 2

chemical property

Answer 2

a property of a substance relating to its ability to change to new substances during chemical reactions

Question 3

compound

Answer 3

a pure substance composed of more than one type of atom chemically combined in fixed proportions

Question 4

distillate

Answer 4

the vapour that condenses back to a liquid and which is collected after distillation

Question 5

distillation

Answer 5

a technique for separating a solution and retrieving the liquid component based on differences in boiling point

Question 6

electrostatic separation

Answer 6

a technique for separating substances based on attraction to an electric field

Question 7

element

Answer 7

a pure substance made up of atoms with the same atomic number

Question 8

filtrate

Answer 8

the liquid or solution that passes through the filter paper during filtration

Question 9

filtration

Answer 9

a technique for separating a solid from a liquid or solution, based on solubility

Question 10

fractional distillation

Answer 10

a technique similar to distillation, used to separate liquids that have similar boiling points

Question 11

hetrogeneous

Answer 11

having non uniform composition

Question 12

homogenous

Answer 12

having a uniform composition throughout

Question 13

immiscible

Answer 13

liquids that do not mix

Question 14

magnetic separation

Answer 14

a technique for separating substances based on attraction to a magnetic field

Question 15

material

Answer 15

a substance with particular qualities or that is used for specific purposes

Question 16

matter

Answer 16

a physical substance; anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 17

mixture

Answer 17

mater that contains two or more different materials or substances with varying composition

Question 18

physical change

Answer 18

a change in the physical properties of a substance but not the chemical composition

Question 19

physical property

Answer 19

a property that can be determined without changing the chemical composition of a substance

Question 20

residue

Answer 20

the solid remaining in the filter paper after filtration

Question 21

separation funnel

Answer 21

equipment used for separating immiscible liquids

Question 22

sieving

Answer 22

a technique for separating a mixture based on particle size

Question 23

solute

Answer 23

the substance that dissolves in a solution usually present in small amounts

Question 24

solution

Answer 24

a homogeneous mixture

Question 25

solvent

Answer 25

the substance in which the solute dissolves or the greater part of the solution

Question 26

substance

Answer 26

a homogeneous material made up of the same type of particle

Question 27

vaporation

Answer 27

a technique for separating the liquid component of a solution, based on boiling point