Chapter 2 chem Flashcards
4 elements
carbon,oxygen,hydrogen, and nitrogen
An element is?
simplest type of matter having unique chemical properties
An element is composed of blank of one kind
Atoms
atom loses an a electron.
is now an Ion
a chemical reaction occurs when
atoms break and form covalent bonds
In an ion, the numbers of protons and electrons are always
different
Metabolism may be defined as
the sum of all of the chemical reactions in tye body
An increase in pH of a solutions indicates that the concentration of hydrogen ions
decreased
A chemical that releases protons into solution is a(n)
proton
A chemical that binds protons in a solution and functions as a proton acceptor would be a(n)
base
A molecule contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The ratio of hydrogen to oxygen within the molecule is 50:1. This molecule is a
lipid
Identify the roles of carbohydrates in the body.
1.serves as an energy souce
2.forms cell membrane structure
What are classified as lipids
Phospholipids
Fatty acids
Prostaglandins
Steroids
When blood pH drops below 7.35, the resulting clinical condition is referred to as
acidosis
most fats in the body?
triglycerides
a lipid molecule is best described as
a long chain of covalently linked carbons with hydrogens connected on the sides
A fatty acid has a double bond in its carbon chain. It is a(n) Blank______ fatty acid.
unsaturated
What protein serves as a transport molecule in the blood for oxygen and carbon dioxide?
hemoglobin
True or False: The R group (side chain) is the part of an amino acid that is the same for all amino acids.
false
Identify three of the many functions of proteins within the human body.
transport substances within the blood
function as receptors on cells’ surfaces
catalyze chemical reactions
The level of protein structure represented by the folding or bending of the polypeptide chain is
secondary structure
A protein that functions as a biological catalyst is called a(n)
enezyme
