Chapter 2 chem

Question 1

4 elements

Answer 1

carbon,oxygen,hydrogen, and nitrogen

Question 2

An element is?

Answer 2

simplest type of matter having unique chemical properties

Question 3

An element is composed of blank of one kind

Answer 3

Atoms

Question 4

atom loses an a electron.

Answer 4

is now an Ion

Question 5

a chemical reaction occurs when

Answer 5

atoms break and form covalent bonds

Question 6

In an ion, the numbers of protons and electrons are always

Answer 6

different

Question 7

Metabolism may be defined as

Answer 7

the sum of all of the chemical reactions in tye body

Question 8

An increase in pH of a solutions indicates that the concentration of hydrogen ions

Answer 8

decreased

Question 9

A chemical that releases protons into solution is a(n)

Answer 9

proton

Question 10

A chemical that binds protons in a solution and functions as a proton acceptor would be a(n)

Answer 10

base

Question 11

A molecule contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The ratio of hydrogen to oxygen within the molecule is 50:1. This molecule is a

Answer 11

lipid

Question 12

Identify the roles of carbohydrates in the body.

Answer 12

1.serves as an energy souce
2.forms cell membrane structure

Question 13

What are classified as lipids

Answer 13

Phospholipids

Fatty acids

Prostaglandins

Steroids

Question 14

When blood pH drops below 7.35, the resulting clinical condition is referred to as

Answer 14

acidosis

Question 15

most fats in the body?

Answer 15

triglycerides

Question 16

a lipid molecule is best described as

Answer 16

a long chain of covalently linked carbons with hydrogens connected on the sides

Question 17

A fatty acid has a double bond in its carbon chain. It is a(n) Blank______ fatty acid.

Answer 17

unsaturated

Question 18

What protein serves as a transport molecule in the blood for oxygen and carbon dioxide?

Answer 18

hemoglobin

Question 19

True or False: The R group (side chain) is the part of an amino acid that is the same for all amino acids.

Answer 19

false

Question 20

Identify three of the many functions of proteins within the human body.

Answer 20

transport substances within the blood

function as receptors on cells’ surfaces

catalyze chemical reactions

Question 21

The level of protein structure represented by the folding or bending of the polypeptide chain is

Answer 21

secondary structure

Question 22

A protein that functions as a biological catalyst is called a(n)

Answer 22

enezyme