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Savarese > Chapter 2 Cervical Spine > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Cervical Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Which vertebra has no spinous process or vertebral body?

A

C1

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2
Q

Which vertebrae have bifid spinoud processes?

A

C2-6

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3
Q

What portion of the cervical vertebrae lies bt the superior and inferior facets?

A

Articular pillars (or lateral masses)

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4
Q

What is located posterior to the cervical transverse processes?

A

Articular pillars

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5
Q

What is used by DO’s to evaluate cervical vertebral motion?

A

Articular pillars

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6
Q

What vertebrae do the vertebral arteries pass thru?

A

C1-6

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7
Q

What do the vertebral arteries pass thru?

A

Foramen transversarium

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8
Q

Where do the scalenes originate?

A

Posterior tubercle of the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae

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9
Q

Where does the anterior scalene insert?

A

Rib 1

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10
Q

Where does the middle scalene insert?

A

Rib 1

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11
Q

Where does the posterior scalene insert?

A

Rib 2

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12
Q

What are the actions of the scalenes?

A

Sidebend to same side with unilateral contraction, flex with bilateral contraction (also aid in respiration)

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13
Q

Where would you find a scalene tenderpoint in a rib dysfunction?

A

Posterior to clavicle at base of neck

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14
Q

Where does the SCM originate?

A

Mastoid and lateral half of superior nuchal line

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15
Q

Where does the SCM insert?

A

Medial 1/3 of clavicle and sternum

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16
Q

What are the actions of the SCM?

A

With unilateral contraction, will sidebend ipsilaterally and rotate contralaterally; bilateral contraction flexes head

17
Q

Shortening or restrictions within the SCM results in what?

A

Torticollis

18
Q

What ligament extends from the sides of the dens to the lateral margins of the foramen magnum?

A

Alar ligament

19
Q

What ligament attaches to the lateral masses of C1 to hold the dens in place?

A

Transverse ligament of the atlas

20
Q

What syndromes can weaken the alar and transverse ligaments resulting in AA subluxation?

A

Down’s and RA

21
Q

What are uncinate processes?

A

Superior lateral projections originating from the posterior lateral rim of the vertebral bodies of C3-7

22
Q

What is the joint of Luschka (unconvertebral joints)?

A

The articulation of the superior uncinate process and superadjacent vertebrae

23
Q

What is the most common cause of cervical nerve root pressure?

A

Degeneration of the joints of Luschka plus hypertrophic arthritis of the intervertebral synovial (facet) joints

24
Q

Where does C8 nerve root exit?

A

Between C7 and T1

25
Q

What nerve roots make up the brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1

26
Q

What is the primary motion of the OA?

A

Flexion and extension–50% of flexion/extension of cervical spine occurs at OA

27
Q

How does sidebending occur at OA?

A

Opposite rotation

28
Q

What is the primary motion of the AA?

A

Rotation–50% of rotation of cervical spine occurs at AA

29
Q

What are the mvts of C2-7

A

Sidebending and rotation occur to the same side

30
Q

Main motions of C2-4?

A

Rotation

31
Q

Main motions of C5-7?

A

Sidebending

32
Q

Lateral translation to the right will cause what motion?

A

Left sidebending

33
Q

What if you feel a deep sulcus on the right at the OA joint?

A

Rotated right, sidebent left

34
Q

How do you evaluate the AA?

A

Flex cervical spine to 45 degrees to lock out rotation of typical cervical vertebrae

35
Q

An acute injury to the cervical spine is best treated how?

A

MFR or counterstrain

36
Q

How does cervical foraminal stenosis present?

A

Neck pain radiating to upper extremity

37
Q

What are the S/S of cervical foraminal stenosis?

A

Increased pain with neck extension, posiive Spurling’s, paraspinal muscle spasm, posterior and anterior cervical tenderpoints

38
Q

Which vertebra actually rotates, the atlas or axis?

A

Atlas rotates on axis

39
Q

Which cervical segment is best assessed by flexing neck to 45 and rotating?

A

C1

Savarese (31 decks)

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