Chapter 2- Building A Nation Flashcards
Define corn laws
Laws which protected British agriculture
Define manifest destiny
Belief that the expansion of the US throughout the American colonies were both inevitable and justified
Define parti bleu
Ran by George etienne cartier
Wanted economic development
Had support from the Catholic Church
Define Tories
Run by John A MacDonald
Liberal conservatives
Had a partnership with parti bleu
Define Fenians
Irish society that planned to harm Britain by stricken Canada
Define Quebec conference
Held in 1864; planned the birth of a new nation and decided that provincial governments should retain many powers; produced the 72 resolutions and a blueprint for confederation
Define confederation
To unite the British colonies of Canada: Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec
Define Victorian era
Named after queen Victoria; 1837-1901
Define Victorian décor
Clothing indicated social status; heavily decorated homes
Define Victorian values
Strict moral code, obsessed with social status, prudish
Define the rebellion losses bill
Gave compensation to anyone who suffered lost property during the 1837 rebellions; signed by lord Elgin; caused a riot and the Montreal parliament buildings were set on fire
Define Representation by population
The number of members an area could send to the legislature would be determined by the number of people riding
Define clear grits
The more radical party; so-called because a brave person has grit
Define double majority
A voting system which requires a majority of votes according to Canada east and Canada west rather than just a simple majority
Define Charlottetown conference
The first meeting of delegates from the four colonies New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, PEI, and the province of Canada
Define seventy two resolutions
A group of statements written at the Quebec conference of 1864
Define the BNA act
Based on the Quebec resolutions; made Canada a country; passed in 1867
Victorian science and medicine
Lots of discoveries; germs first seen under a microscope; hormones were discovered
Define the great coalition
A grand coalition of political parties that brought the two canadas together in 1864
Define John A MacDonald
First PM of Canada; leader of Tories; alliance with Cartier to make confederation happen
Define George-Etienne Cartier
Joint premier with MacDonald; leader of the parti bleu; one of the driving forces behind confederation
Define George brown
Leader of the clear grits; hated MacDonald and Cartier but eventually came around and worked with them
Define lord Elgin
Son in law of Durham; signed the rebellion losses bill
What was the official church in colonial Canada?
Anglican Church
What types of services did churches provide to people
Social activities… weddings and funerals
What were Victorian people obsessed with
Social status
What did Victorian houses look like?
Large and heavily decorated
What transportation improvements were made in Canada prior to confederation?
Trains
What could you find in 19th century newspapers?
News from outside the country and your neighbours lives… did not respect people’s privacy
What impact did britians repealed corn laws in 1846 have on the Canadian colonies
Given trading privileges to the British colonies
What did the opponents to the rebellion losses bill do after the bill was passed
There was a huge riot and the set the parliament building of Montreal on fire
What were the disadvantages to confederation?
- the smaller colonies that were not apart of confederation were not protected
- natives not represented
- dispute over central government
- taxes would raise
What were the advantages to confederation?
- Canada would enjoy economic stability
- colonies could begin trading with one another
- intercontinental railway to link colonies
- improve how colonies were governed
- prevent the US from annexing Canada
Just prior to confederation why was the US a threat the BNA
They wanted to assimilate Canada
What does rep by pop mean
A method by which seats are allocated in the House of Commons in such a way as to vary with population
What does double majority mean
A voting system which requires a majority of votes according to two separate criteria
What was the original purpose of the Charlottetown conference
To discuss maritime union
What was the purpose of the Quebec conference
To discuss the birth of a new nation
Who was behind the Fenian raids and where were their attacks focused
An Irish society that planned to harm Britain by attacking Canada
What was the result of the Fenian raids in Canada
MacDonald was able to turn it into a political advantage in developing support for his dream of confederation
Under the BNA act what title is the head of the state in Canada
Prime minister
Under the BNA act what responsibilities were given to the province
- civil rights
- health care
- education
Under the BNA act what responsibilities were given to the federal government
- currency/banks
- postal service
- military/defence
What provinces were created when confederation was achieved
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick
Ontario
Quebec
Who was Canada’s first PM
John A MacDonald
What date was confederation achieved
July 1st 1867
What was the difference between how Canada and how the USA became independent from Britain
Canada took a more political approach to it and talked it out; whereas, the USA shed blood and had wars
