Chapter 2- Brief Historical Geology of Mindanao

Question 1

• “land of many lakes,”
• the second-largest island in the Philippines.

Answer 1

Mindanao

Question 2

What is the meaning of mindanao

Answer 2

land of many lakes

Question 3

Studies of Philippine geology reveal that during the _____ (last period of the Mesozoic era) which began some 135 million years ago, the Philippines was part of the Asian continent as indicated by the presence of some landmass including the peneplains of Mindanao.

Answer 3

Cretaceous

Question 4

At the end of the ____ and towards the ___ ____period, around the Miocene age, a rift separated the Philippines from Formosa or Taiwan, Between the Miocene (16 million years ago) many geological events took place within the region

Answer 4

Cretaceous
Middle Tertiary

Question 5

many geological events took place within the region: there was the intense volcanism which resulted in more mountain-building and pushing up of new lands. Most geologists believe these events led to the birth of Mindanao wherein the peneplain was uplifted as much as 500 to 600 meters

Answer 5

Between the Miocene

Question 6

around two million years ago, Mindanao may have been five distinct islands. These islands were finally brought together and became Mindanao during the late past Pleistocene uplift, Mt. Apo, an old volcano, was also formed at this time.

Answer 6

Towards the late Pliocene and early Pleistocene, or Ice Glacial age,

Question 7

five distinct islands brought together and became Mindanao

Answer 7

1. Zamboanga peninsula
2. the long narrow island east of Agusan Valley
3. the land south of Cotabato River
4. the land near Lake Lanao
5. the land between Bukidnon and Agusan Valley

Question 8

the ocean level was very low islands which exposed continental shelves and low islands around the Southeast Asia region: thus, land bridges were formed.

Answer 8

during the Pleistocene

Question 9

What are the two distinct land connections

Answer 9

the Palawan-Bomeo land bridge and Sulu- Mindanao-Bomeo linkage.

Question 10

These land connections permitted certain fauna such as ____ and ____ (middle Pleistocene ancestors of the modem-day elephants) and more flora to migrate from Asian mainland down to Java, Celebes, thence to Mindanao and perhaps northward

Answer 10

stegodon and elephas

Question 11

resulted in the rising of the ocean level up to around 300 meters or more inundating and submerging low islands and continental shelves as well as coastal lines.

Answer 11

melting of the ice sheets up to the northern hemisphere.

Question 12

Thus, the once linked land bridges were disconnected, so ____, ____, and ___ archipelago became distinct and separate islands.

Answer 12

Mindanao
Borneo
Sulu