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AP PSYCH > Chapter 2 - Brain > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Brain Flashcards

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1
Q

base of brainstem, controls heartbeat and breathing

A

medulla

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2
Q

sensory switchboard, directs messages

A

thalamus

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3
Q

short and long term memory

A

hippocampus

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4
Q

sleep and dreaming

A

pons

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5
Q

movements and balance

A

cerebellum

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6
Q

emotions; fear & aggression and drives for food and sex

A

limbic system

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7
Q

emotions; fear and anger

A

amygdala

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8
Q

directs several maintenance activities like eating, drinking, body temp and control emotions

A

hypothalamus

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9
Q

body’s ultimate control and information-processing center

A

cerebral cortex

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10
Q

nervous system, support, nourish and protect neurons

A

glial cells

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11
Q

speaking, muscle movements, and making plans/judgements

A

frontal lobes

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12
Q

visual, receive vision information from opposite visual field

A

occipital lobes

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13
Q

touch of the body

A

parietal lobes

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14
Q

auditory information primarily from the opposite ear

A

temporal lobes

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15
Q

voluntary movements

A

motor cortex

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16
Q

registers and processes body touch and movement sensations

A

sensory cortex

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17
Q

motor or sensory functions, involved in higher mental functions as learning, thinking and speaking

A

association areas

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18
Q

impairment of language usually caused by left hemisphere- damage to either brocas or wernickes

A

aphasia

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19
Q

language expression - muscle movements involved in speech

A

Broca’s area

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20
Q

language reception, language comprehension and expression

A

wernicke’s area

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21
Q

capacity for modification

A

plasticity

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22
Q

fibers that link left and right

A

corpus callosum

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23
Q

condition in which two hemisphere of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers between them

A

split brain

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24
Q

oldest part of the brain, survival functions

A

brainstem

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25
Q

links between biology and behavior

A

biological psychology

26
Q

basic building block of the nervous system; nerve cell

A

neuron

27
Q

bushy, branching extensions of the a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body

A

dendrite

28
Q

extension of a neuron

A

axon

29
Q

covering of the neuron

A

myelin sheath

30
Q

neural impulse, electrical charge that travels down an axon

A

action potential

31
Q

level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

A

threshold

32
Q

junction between the axon tip of the sensory neuron and the dendrite

A

synapse

33
Q

chemical messengers

A

neurotransmitters

34
Q

learning, memory, and muscle contraction

A

ACH

35
Q

“morphine within”, natural, opiate like- lain control and to pleasure

A

endorphins

36
Q

brain and spinal cord

A

central nervous system

37
Q

speedy chemical electrochemical communication network

A

central nervous system

38
Q

sensory and motor neurons that connect central nervous system to the rest of the body

A

peripheral nervous system

39
Q

neural “cables” containing many axons, part of the peripheral nervous system, connect central nervous sytem

A

nerves

40
Q

Neurons that carry incoming information from the sense receptors to the central nervous system

A

sensory neurons

41
Q

neurons that carry outgoing information from central nervous system to muscles and glands

A

motor neurons

42
Q

internally communicate and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs

A

interneurons

43
Q

peripheral nervous system that controls glands and muscles of internal organs (automatic, involunatry)

A

autonomic nervous system

44
Q

peripheral nervous system that controls body’s skeletal muscles

A

somatic nervous system

45
Q

arouses the body - mobilizing energy

A

sympathetic nervous system

46
Q

calms the body

A

parasympathetic nervous system

47
Q

automatic response to stimulation

A

reflex

48
Q

tissue destruction

A

lessons

49
Q

interconnected neural cells - experience

A

neural networks

50
Q

‘slow’ chemical communication system

A

endocrine system

51
Q

chemical messengers

A

hormones

52
Q

adrenaline - arouses in time of stress

A

adrenal glands

53
Q

most influential - regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands

A

pituitary glands

54
Q

Waves of electrical energy

A

EEG

55
Q

brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a certain task

A

PET scan

56
Q

shows anatomy and structures of the brain

A

MRI

57
Q

revealing blood flow of the brain and brain activity

A

fMRI

58
Q

influences movement, learning attention and emotion

A

dopamine

59
Q

affects mood, hunger, sleep and arousal

A

Serotonin

60
Q

helps control alertness and arousal

A

norepinephrine

AP PSYCH (5 decks)

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