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Environmental Conservation > Chapter 2 - Biodiversity > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Biodiversity Flashcards

1
Q

Population

A

a group of organisms in the same species that inhabit a given area.

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1
Q

Community

A

The populations (of different species) that inhabit an area.

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2
Q

Ecosystem

A

The biological community (populations) and the physical (abiotic) environment.

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3
Q

trophic levels

A

food chains/connecting system of consumption and interactions

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4
Q

niche

A

role in the ecosystem, what an organism does, where, and when

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5
Q

Primary Succession

A

starting with rock ex. volcanic eruption

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5
Q

Succession

A

predicable change in community, due to events.

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6
Q

Secondary Succession

A

forest after being cut down

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7
Q

Carrying Capacity

A

how many individuals an area can hold

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8
Q

Species richness

A

number of spices found in a particular area

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9
Q

Species diversity

A

includes richness but also how even the abundance of species is. Shannon-Weiner

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10
Q

alpha diversity

A

the number of species in an area

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11
Q

Beta diversity

A

variability of species composition along a geographical gradient. ex. series of mountains, lakes

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12
Q

Gamma Diversity

A

the number of species in a large area, areas that consist of more than one type of ecosystem.

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13
Q

Keystone species

A

Low biomass, high impact

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14
Q

Dominate species

A

High biomass, high impact

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15
Q

rare species

A

Low biomass, low impact

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16
Q

Common species

A

High Biomass, Low impact

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17
Q

Population

A

group of individuals of a single species that can and do mate with each-other. (live in a given area)

18
Q

Gene

A

location on a chromosome - locus codes for a specific polypeptide

19
Q

Alleles

A

Different versions of a gene

20
Q

Gene pool

A

the number and frequency of alleles in the population.

21
Q

Genotype

A

what alleles are present

22
Q

Phenotype

A

the expression of the genotype

23
Q

Polymorphic genes

A

genes with more than one allele

24
Q

Evolution

A

change over time in the genetic composition (frequency of alleles) of populations

25
Q

heritable traits

A

traits passed onto the next generation

26
Q

Differential reproductive success

A

success of individuals with varied traits

27
Q

Relative fitness

A

not just how many offspring, more offspring than others produce

28
Q

Genetic drift

A

change in the frequency of alleles due to sampling. affects small populations more

29
Q

Population bottleneck

A

Big population - bottleneck - small population - big population with less diversity.

30
Q

founder effect

A

colonization of a small non varied group of a population.

31
Q

Geneflow

A

movement of alleles in or out of a population changes frequency over time.

32
Q

Does natural selection decrease or increase variation

A

decrease

33
Q

does genetic drift +/- gentic varation

A

decrease

34
Q

gene flow +/- genetic variation

A

increase

35
Q

Species

A

groups of natural populations that interbreed or could interbreed under natural conditions but are relatively isolated from other groups.

36
Q

Barcode DNA

A

DNA analysis process

37
Q

Cryptic Species

A

one form of different species looks the same

38
Q

Speciation

A

the formation of new species

39
Q

Sympatric speciation

A

overlapping ranges

40
Q

Allopatric speciation

A

Separate

41
Q

Evolutionary radiations

A

High rate of speciation, island immigrants may expand their realized niche.

42
Q

Fundamental niche

A

what could the species do without limiting factors

43
Q

Patterns of biodiversity

A

increases as you get closer to the equator

44
Q
A

Environmental Conservation (4 decks)

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