Chapter 2: Biochemistry

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

Question 2

What 6 elements that make up the 99% of all living matter?

Answer 2

Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen, Phosphorous, Sulfur

Question 3

What is organic?

Answer 3

a substance that comes from living things (must have Carbon)

Question 4

Functional groups

Answer 4

-OH (hydroxyl), -COOH (carboxylic acid), -NH2 (amine), -PO4 (phosphate), -SO4 (sulfate)

Question 5

Monomer

Answer 5

a molecule that can combine with different other molecules to create a polymer

Question 6

Dimer

Answer 6

A chemical compound or molecule consisting of two identical similar molecules

Question 7

Polymer

Answer 7

a large molecule made up of several monomers bonded together

Question 8

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 8

monomer + monomer –> Polymer + H2O results in the formation of polymers

Question 9

Hydrolysis

Answer 9

Polymer + H2O –> Monomer + Monomer

results in the breakdown of polymers