Chapter 1: Levels of Organization Flashcards
Biology
the study of life or living things
What are the 8 Characteristics of living organisms?
Homeostasis, Adapt to conditions, Respond to stimuli, Develop and grow, Composed of cells, Organized, Reproduce, Energy use.
(HARDCORE)
Homeostasis
The characteristics of the organs internal environment remain tightly controlled
Adapt to Conditions
organisms can change some aspects of their appearance, or habits to survive in a changing environment. Offspring with these favorable traits will survive
Respond to stimuli
a feature of the environment (noise, light, temperature, predators, etc.) causes organisms to make a change
Develop and Grow
over time organisms increase in size and change in appearance
Composed of Cells
all organisms are either uni or multi cellular
Organized
at every level of organization specific creatures perform specific functions
Reproduce
survival of the species is assured since organisms have offspring
Energy use
all organisms either make their own food or consume other organisms as a source of food
Biosphere
Regions of the earth’s crust water and atmosphere that sustain life
Ecosystem
all living and nonliving things that support life in an area
Community
all populations of living organisms that live in an area
Population
all the organisms of the same species that live in an area
Species
a group of organisms that are so similar that they can interbreed and have fertile offspring
Organ system
group of organs that work together to perform a function for an organism
Organ
a group of tissues of different types that work together to perform a function
Tissue
a group of cells of the same type that work together to perform a function
Cell
smallest unit of a living thing that displays the characteristics of a living organism
Organelle
structure inside a cell made of many molecules that performs a function for the cell
Molecule
two or more atoms chemically bonded together
Atom
smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element
Subatomic particle
protons, neutrons, electrons
Microscope
an instrument that produces an enlarged, focused image of a specimen
Electron Microscope
uses magnets to focus a beam of electrons
Compound light microscope
uses a lens to focus light rays; 2 lenses
Who invented the compound light microscope?
What did he/she do for a living?
When did he/she invent it?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Dutch draper who ground lenses as hobby
1674
Resolution
the smallest distance that can be clearly seen between two points (focus)
Magnification
the enlarging of an image
