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science > chapter 2 - bio > Flashcards

chapter 2 - bio Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Differentiation

A

process of becoming a specialized cell

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2
Q

Meristematic cells

A

stem cells in plants

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3
Q

Stem cells

A

undifferentiated cells

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4
Q

Dermal tissue

A

outermost layer; covering of the plant

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5
Q

Vascular tissue

A

system of tubes transporting substances through the plant body

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6
Q

Ground tissue

A

supportive network between dermal and vascular tissues

photosynthesis in greens, storage of carbs in roots and support stems

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7
Q

Apical meristem

A

located at the tips of roots and shoots responsible for increase in height

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8
Q

Lateral meristem

A

located around the stems responsible for increase in width

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9
Q

How many organ systems are in a plant?

A

2; root and shoot

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10
Q

Xylem

A

vascular vessel for water transport

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11
Q

Phloem

A

vascular tissue for sugar transport

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12
Q

Osmosis

A

water moving from soil to roots (PUSHING FORCE/root pressure)

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13
Q

Capillary action

A

tendency of liquids to move upwards against gravity in narrow spaces

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14
Q

Cohesion

A

water molecules being attracted to other water molecules

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15
Q

Adhesion

A

water molecules are attracted to other substances

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16
Q

The two important properties of water

A

adhesion and cohesion

17
Q

Transpiration

A

evaporation of water vapour (PULLING FORCE)

18
Q

Tissue

A

collection of cells with similar functions

19
Q

Root hair (functions)

A

increase surface area to maximize water intake

20
Q

Leaf hair (functions)

A

contain chemical irritants, defense from predators

21
Q

Waxy cuticle

A

epidermal cell - makes surface waterproof for water retention

22
Q

Terminal bud

A

where upwards growth happens

23
Q

Cytoplasm

A

jelly-like fluid suspending all the organelles

24
Q

Chemical formula for phosynthesis

A

6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12 + 6O2

carbon dioxide + water —> glucose oxygen

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