Chapter 2: Basic Components Of Living Systems

Question 1

Magnification

Answer 1

Describes the enlargement of a specimen under a microscope

Question 2

Resolution

Answer 2

The smallest distance that 2 objects can be apart while still appearing as 2 objects

Question 3

Light microscope

Answer 3

• light sent through specimen and image that is magnified by glass lenses
• cheap
• easy to use
• can study living tissues and cells
• 2D image
• max resolution 200nm
• max magnification ×2000

Question 4

Laser scanning microscope

Answer 4

• uses a high power beam of light to create an image
• passes over every point in specimen and creates image over time
• flourrscent dye added to cell
• more expensive
• high resolution
• 3D

Question 5

Electron microscopes

Answer 5

TEM
- Highest resolution of 0.5nm
SEM
- Resolution of 3-10nm
- 3D image

• magnification of over ×500,000
• blak and white images
• requires a vacuum

Question 6

Dry mount

Answer 6

Solid specimens sectioned and placed on slide with cover slip on top

Question 7

Wet mount

Answer 7

Specimens suspended in a liquid (eg. Water, immersion oil)

Cover slip placed from an angle

Question 8

Squash slides

Answer 8

First wet mount

Then a lens tissue is used to gently press down the cover slip

Question 9

Smear slide

Answer 9

Edge of a slide is used to smear sample to form a smooth thin coating on another slide

Question 10

Structure of cyanobacteria (photoautotrophs)

Answer 10

Circular DNA
Ribosomes
Cell Wall

Question 11

Microtubules

Answer 11

Part of cytoskeleton and require energy to move- function can be prevented by a respiratory inhibitor
Responsible for moving chromosomes from equator to poles of the cell- make up spindle fibres