Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BRS Micro/Immuno > Chapter 2; Bacteria > Flashcards

Chapter 2; Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What ribosomal subunits compose the 70s and 50s ribosomal subunits?

A

16s, 23s and 5s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are penicillin binding proteins involved with?

A

cell membrane biosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are mesosomes?

What are mesosomes involved with?

A

invaginations of the plasma membrane

DNA replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Do transposons self-replicate?

What do transposons move between?

A

no

plasmids and chromosomal DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What genus of bacteria does not contain a cell wall?

A

mycoplasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Are teichoic acids found in gram positive or gram negative bacteria?

A

gram positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What species of bacteria is known for making M protein?

A

Strep. pyogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What two ions does teichoic acids bind?

A

sodium and magnesium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is LPS contained by gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria? What is another name for LPS?

A

gram-negative

endotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What component of the gram negative cell-wall triggers toxic shock? What larger molecule is this apart of?

A

Lipid A

LPS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the one genus of bacteria that does not contain peptidoglycan?

A

Mycoplasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of chemical bond links teichoic acid?

A

phosphodiester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

IN gram-negative bacteria, what is LPS linked to?

A

diaminopimelic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the main antigen of LPS?

A

O antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Are protein secretion systems more likely to be found in gram-positive or gram negative bacteria?

A

gram negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What tissue protein can S. aureus bind?

A

fibronectin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What species of bacteria features poly-D-glutamic acid in its cell-wall?

A

Bacillus anthracis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the main protein of flagella?

A

flagellin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the main component of endospores?

A

calcium diplicolinate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the product of superoxide dismutase?

A

H2O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What type of growth pattern do α-hemolytic bacteria create on blood agar?

A

green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What type of growth pattern do β-hemolytic bacteria create on blood agar?

A

clear zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the two main bacteria that grow on Hektoen agar?

A

Salmonella and shigella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What type of bacteria grow on MacKonkey agar?

A

gram-negative rods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What genus of bacteria grows on Lowenstein-Jensen media?

A

Mycobacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What genus of bacteria grows on Thayer-Martin and Martin-Lewis media?

A

Neisseria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

In a gram-positive bacteria, teichoic acid is attached to what cell wall component?

A

N-AM

28
Q

What is the MOA of cycloserine?

A

inhibits the synthesis of peptide precursor

29
Q

During cell wall synthesis, what is NAM-P5 transferred to? The attachment of what other constituent completes this reaction?

A

BPP

NAG

30
Q

What is the MOA of bacitracin?

A

recycling of bactoprenol phosphate (BPP)

31
Q

What is the MOA of vancomycin?

A

blocks the transfer of BPP-complex to existing peptidoglycan

32
Q

What drug prevents the cross-linking of P5 side chains? What amino acid would be released during this process?

A

β-lactam

alanine

33
Q

Are bacteria haploid or diploid?

A

diploid

34
Q

What is bacterial conjugation?

A

transfer of genetic material between bacteria by physical contact

35
Q

Are sex pili used by gram-positive bacteria or gram negative bacteria?

A

gram-negative

36
Q

What is transduction?

A

PHAGE mediated transfer of genetic material into host chromosome

37
Q

What is transformation?

A

uptake of naked DNA material

38
Q

What gene is carried on F plasmids?

A

sex pili

39
Q

What is Hfr?

A

F-plasmid that has integrated into the bacterial chromosome

40
Q

What types of genes are carried by generalized transduction?

A

random genes

41
Q

What types of genes are carried by specialized transduction?

A

genes near prophage integration site

42
Q

What factor of bacterial RNA polymerase begins the process?

A

Sigma factor

43
Q

What is the main endotoxin of gram-negative bacteria?

A

Lipid A

44
Q

What two bacteria clasically releases α-toxin? What is the MOA of α-toxin?

A

S. aureus and C. perfringens

pore forming

45
Q

What bacteria releases streptolysin O? What is the MOA of Streptolysin O?

A

S. pyogenes

pore forming

46
Q

What two bacterial genus release Type III Cytotoxin?

A

P. aerugiinosa and Salmonella

47
Q

What bacterial species releases Erythrogenic toxins A and C?

A

S. pyogenes

48
Q

What bacteria releases exotoxin A? What is the MOA of Exotoxin A?

A

P. aeruginosa

ADP-ribosylation of EF2

49
Q

What is the MOA of shiga toxin?

A

inactivates 60S ribosome

50
Q

What is the MOA of cholera toxin?

A

activates Gs

51
Q

What is the MOA of pertussis toxin?

A

inactivates Gi

52
Q

What is the MOA of Diphtheria?

A

ADP ribosylation of E2F

53
Q

What antimetabolites are bacteriostatic?

A

trimethoprim sulfonamide

54
Q

What antimetabolites are bacteriocidal?

A

isoniazid

55
Q

What is the MOA of β-lactams?

A

inhibit transpeptidation

56
Q

What product does isoniazid inhibit the production of?

A

mycolic acid

57
Q

What product does ethambutol inhibit the synthesis of?

A

arabinogalactan

58
Q

What four drugs bind to the 30s ribosomal subunit? Another name for these drugs? Bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic?

A

streptomycin, kanamycin, neomycin, gentamicin

aminoglycoside

Cidal

59
Q

What two organ systems do aminoglycosides damage?

A

kidney and ear

60
Q

What are the three main tetracyclins? What is the MOA of tetracyclins?

A

doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline

bind 30S

61
Q

What is the MOA of chloramphenicol? Static or cidal?

A

binds 50S ribosomal subunit

static

62
Q

Griseofulvin is active against fungi that have what component in their cell walls?

A

chitin

63
Q

What ribosomal subunit do macrolides bind?

A

23S or 50S

64
Q

Sugar transport into a bacteria often is carried out by what enzyme?

A

kinase

65
Q

What is the pasteur effect?

A

oxygen inhibiting fermentation

66
Q

What bacteria effects synaptosomes?

A

C. tetani

67
Q

Where in a bacteria are the enzymes necessary for oxidative phosphorylation located?

A

cell membrane

BRS Micro/Immuno (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions