Chapter 2: Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table Flashcards
The smallest unit of an element
Atom
Positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus
Proton
Subatomic particle with no charge found in the nucleus
Neutron
Negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus
Electron
The center of an atom which contains protons and neutrons
Nucleus
The mass of products obtained from a chemical reaction equlas the mass of the substances that react
The Law of Conservation of Mass
Law of Definite Proportions
All samples of the same compound always contain the same proportions by mass of the comment element
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic Number
number of protons + number of neutrons
Mass Number
An atom with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element
Isotope
Atom that contains more or less electrons than protons (it either has a positive or negative charge)
Ion
A positively charged ion
Cation
A negatively charged ion
Anion
A unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights; equal to 1/12 of the mass and of an atom of carbon-12
Atomic Mass Unit (amu)
The average of the mass of the individual isotopes
Relative Atomic Mass
