Chapter 2: Atomic Structure Flashcards
What are atoms?
They are small particles from which all the material world is built. In other words, it is the basic building block of all matter
What are elements?
They are one type of atom that cannot be broken down into simpler things. In other words, they are the same type of atoms chemically combined.
What is a compound?
It is two or more than one type of atom chemically combined.
How many subatomic particles does an atom have?
Three
What are the subatomic particles of an atom?
Proton, neutron, and electron
What is the charge of a proton?
They have a positive charge
What is the charge of a neutron?
They have a neutral charge(no charge)
What is the charge of an electron?
They have a negative charge
What subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and neutrons
What is the relative mass of protons and neutrons?
1 amu
What is the relative mass of an electron?
Negligible(1/1840 amu)
What are neutrons responsible for?
They are responsible for the stability of the atom because they increase the space between the protons and electrons.
What is the mass number?
It is the number of protons plus neutrons in an element
What does an atomic number tell us?
It tells us the number of protons in an element
What are isotopes?
They are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons. They have the same chemical properties and electronic configuration. However, their physical properties might differ.
