Chapter 2: Assessment Process

Question 1

Which assessment allow information to be obtained from many people within a short amount of time at relatively little cost: group or individual?

Answer 1

Group Assessment

Question 2

Which assessments permit counselors to adapt the test administration to the needs of the client; can only be used with certain populations (children or people with disabilities): group or individual?

Answer 2

Individual Assessment

Question 3

Which assessments can include the following assessment procedures: intelligence tests, ability tests, personality inventories, interest inventories, and values inventories?

Answer 3

Standardized Tests

Question 4

Which tests include uniform procedures for administration, objective scoring, and the use of representative norm groups for interpretation?

Answer 4

Standardized Tests

Question 5

Most standardized tests have clear evidence of:

a. reliability
b. validity
c. both

Answer 5

c. Both reliability and validity

Question 6

What assessment includes rating scales, projective techniques, behavioral observations and biographical measures?

Answer 6

Nonstandardized assessments

Question 7

Nonstandardized techniques provide results that are more or less dependable when compared with standardized techniques?

Answer 7

Less dependable

Question 8

Which assessment involves informal and flexible procedures often used in individual and group counseling: Qualitative or Quantitative?

Answer 8

Qualitative Assessment

Question 9

Which tests (speed or power) are homogenous in content and often consist of a large number of easy items that a person must complete quickly?

Answer 9

Speed

Question 10

Which tests (speed or power) contain items of varying difficulty, most of which the person is expected to complete within the time limits?

Answer 10

Power

Question 11

Most intelligence tests, scholastic aptitude tests, and achievement tests are power or speed tests?

Answer 11

Power

Question 12

Which scale provides subjective estimates of various behaviors or characteristics based on the rater’s observations and are also a common method of assessment?

Answer 12

Rating scales

Question 13

T/F: Rating scales have a number of disadvantages?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Common errors with rating scales include:

Answer 14

a. the halo effect
b. error of central
c. leniency error
d. drift
e. decay

Question 15

Which rating scale error has a tendency to generalize from one aspect of the client to all other aspects?

Answer 15

The halo effect

Question 16

Which rating scale error describes the tendency to rate all people as “average” or near the middle scale?

Answer 16

Error of central tendency or range of restriction error

Question 17

Which rating scale error refers to the tendency to rate the characteristics of people more favorably than they should be rated?

Answer 17

Leniency Error

Question 18

Which rating scale error refers to systematic changes in how a variable is interpreted or defined over time?

Answer 18

Drift

Question 19

Which rating scale error refers to decreased reliability in how well an event is observed?

Answer 19

Decay

Question 20

Who offers the following as suggestions to improve the validity of ratings?

(a) use raters who are thoroughly familiar with the person being rated
(b) require multiple behavioral observations
(c) obtain ratings from more than one observer
(d) use dimensions that are publicly observable
(e) identify behaviors for observation that are relevant to the dimension in question

Answer 20

Kenrick and Funder

Question 21

Which rating technique requires raters to rate concepts (e.g., “my job”) by means of a series of bipolar scales: semantic differential or situational tests?

Answer 21

Semantic differential

Question 22

What scale allows raters or clients to assign numbers to items by priority level or relevance?

Answer 22

Rank-order scales

Question 23

Which rating technique requires the person to perform a task in a situation that is similar to the situation for which the person is being evaluated: semantic differential or situational tests?

Answer 23

Situational Tests

Question 24

T/F: Situational tests are often beneficial in predicting performance in a situation similar to that of the test.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Which assessment uses vague or ambiguous stimuli to which people must respond?

Answer 25

Projective Assessment

Question 26

Which common techniques include the Rorschach Inkblot Test, TAT, and Rotter Incomplete Sentences Blank?

Answer 26

Projective techniques

Question 27

What are the types of assessment methods?

Answer 27

Interviews (semi/un/structured)
Biographical Measures (Biodata)
Physiological Measures (heart rate, breathing rate, muscle contractions, blood pressure)

Question 28

What are the four major assessment phases?

Answer 28

Test Selection
Administration
Interpretation
Communication of Findings

Question 29

What is the first step in the assessment process?

Answer 29

Assess the client’s stage of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action or maintenance

Question 30

What are four useful tools when monitoring client progress?

Answer 30

• Client satisfaction forms
• Client self-report scales
• Client self-monitoring
• Rating scales