Chapter 2- Assessment and Testing of Infant and Child Development Flashcards
What are the purposes for developmental testing?
- early identification of delays
- help determine diagnosis
- facilitate treatment planning
- re-testing provides concrete data about progress
What are the basic methods of assessment?
- parent/child interview
- history review of medical records
- clinical observation (in child’s natural environment)
- standardized tests
Age Equivalent
chronological age represented by a certain test score
Criterion Referenced
based on number of items correct
Norm-Referenced
compare one child with the norm of a group of other children
Percentile
Child did better than ___% of children in norm group
Raw Score
total number of items passed or correct
Reliability
consistency between measurements
Standard Error of Measurement
indicates precision
Standard Scores
deviations from the mean
Validity
test measures what it’s supposed to measure
Sensitivity
highly sensitive has few false negatives
Specificity
highly specific has few false positive
What 4 questions should be asked when determining an appropriate test?
1) What is the purpose of this test?
2) Who is the child?
3) What concerns are to be addressed?
4) What are the examiner constraints?
What are screenings used for?
To identify typical and atypical development and need for further assessment
What are the 3 screenings we use to assess infants?
1) Denver II
2) Harris Infant Neuromotor Test (HINT)
3) Bayley Infant Neurodevelopment Screener (BINS)
What is the HINT intended for?
Early screening for potential developmental delays in low and high risk infants
Who is the target audience for HINT?
2.5 months to 12.5 months
Who can administer the HINT?
Wide range of healthcare providers
What does the HINT consist of?
Motor development, head circumference, cognitive and behavioral state, parent/caregiver concerns
When is the BINS appropriate?
Identifying high risk infants for developmental delays
What are the four areas that the BINS measures?
1) Basic neurological function/intactness (posture, muscle tone, movement symmetry)
2) Expressive function (gross, fine and oral motor/verbal)
3) Receptive functions (visual, auditory, verbal)
4) Cognitive processes (object permanence, goal-directedness, problem solving)
Who is the BINS appropriate for?
Children 3 to 24 months
What is the scoring for the BINS?
6 items sets containing 11-13 items, each item given score:
1= optimal
0= nonoptimal
Total scores, for each item set child is put into low risk, mod risk or high risk. Those with mod risk are monitored, high risk are enrolled in intervention.
What are the tests of motor function?
- Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP)
- Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS)
- Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)
- Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS-2)
- Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2)
Who can be tested on the TIMP? Where is it often used?
34 weeks to 4 months corrected age. Used in NICU follow-up clinics and early intervention programs
