Chapter 2 - Assessment

Question 1

In a physiological levels of analysis to memory, what would be the second step?

Answer 1

Neurons activated

Question 2

Nerve nets were initially likened to work like ___.

Answer 2

Highway

Question 3

The neuron doctrine, ___ the nerve net theory, suggests that individual cells transmitting signals ___ continuous with each other.

Answer 3

Unlike., are not

Question 4

Consistent with the principle of neural representation, which of the following factors would be LEAST consequential in understanding our experience of seeing another person?

Answer 4

the light reflected from the other person

Question 5

The fact that certain neurons might respond to only your mother’s face but not your father’s face highlights the importance of ___.

Answer 5

Specificity coding

Question 6

Population coding is to sparse coding as ___.

Answer 6

large is to small

Question 7

If you’re having problems with your vision, then it’s likely that there could be a problem with your ___ lobe.

Answer 7

occipital

Question 8

How does Broca’s area differ from Wernicke’s area?

Answer 8

Broca’s area is involved with producing language whereas Wernicke’s area helps to comprehend language.

Question 9

Suppose you’re carefully deliberating as to whether to accept a certain job offer. In doing so, you are especially using your ___ lobe

Answer 9

Frontal

Question 10

Your ability to perceive pain is particularly guided by your ___ lobe.

Answer 10

parietal

Question 11

Greta suffers from prosopagnosia. As such, we would expect her to ___.

Answer 11

have an inability to recognize faces

Question 12

With a double dissociation,

Answer 12

damage to the brain may cause one function to be disrupted in one area while another area continues to function.

Question 13

The chief limitation of magnetic resonance imaging is that ___.

Answer 13

it doesn’t indicate neural activity

Question 14

The extrastriate body area would be expected to become activated by seeing all of the following EXCEPT ___.

Answer 14

Faces

The extrastriate body area is activated by images of bodies (and parts of bodies) except for faces.

Question 15

If a researcher detects how water diffuses along the length of nerve fibres, then he or she is likely engaged in the technique called ___.

Answer 15

diffusion tensor imaging

Question 16

Pierre’s alarm clock wakes him up at 7am. In response, he presses the snooze button for 10 more minutes of sleep. Which of the following is the correct sequence of brain events resulting in this action?

Answer 16

electrical signals in ear > signals reaching auditory areas > signals sent to motor area

Question 17

How did Edgar Adrian, the first person to record neural signals, relate physiological states (nerve signalling) to mental states (people’s experience)?

Answer 17

by measuring the rate of neural signalling because of pressure on the skin and relating this to the intensity of sensation

Question 18

The principle of neural representation states that

Answer 18

everything a person experiences is based not on direct contact with stimuli, but on representations in the person’s nervous system.

Question 19

Jordanka is supposed to meet her friend, Elena, in the market for coffee. As Jordanka looks around she finally sees Elena’s face and begins moving towards her to greet her. When Jordanka first spotted Elena a small group of neurons, out of a larger group that responds to faces, began to fire off vigorously just as she perceived Elena. Which of the following best describes the response in Jordanka’s brain?

Answer 19

Sparse coding

Question 20

What is prosopagnosia?

Answer 20

an inability to recognize faces

Question 21

Localization of function in the brain has been demonstrated by ___.

Answer 21

single cell recording techniques and brain imaging techniques

Question 22

In which scenario is a double dissociation demonstrated?

Answer 22

when function “A” is present but function “B” is absent in a brain area of a patient and function “A” is absent but function “B” is present in another brain area in another patient. Two or more patients are necessary to demonstrate a double dissociation.

Question 23

The fusiform face area (FFA) is located in which area of the brain?

Answer 23

Temporal lobe

Question 24

Although the ideas of localization of function and distributed representations seem to be contradictory, which statement below best characterizes our present understanding of these ideas?

Answer 24

When we see a face, a combination of localization of function and distributed representations occurs because there are many different aspects of the face that are being processed at the same time.

Question 25

Which of the following is a causal technique, in terms of relating brain structure to function, rather than simply a correlational technique?

Answer 25

transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)