Assessment: Intro to Cog Psych

Question 1

While Tariq takes the bus home, he is thinking about how to resolve a difficult issue at work. This example particularly highlights the value of ___.

Answer 1

working to solve a problem

Question 2

The statement “If you put your mind to it, I’m sure you can solve that maths problem” highlights how the mind can be used ___.

Answer 2

to make decisions or consider possibilities

Question 3

Hugh and Nicola are doing a study in psychology. Hugh is asked to push a button as soon as he sees a red light whereas Nicola is asked to push a red button if she sees a red light and a green button if she sees a green light. From the information, ___ appear to be involved in a task measuring choice reaction time.

Answer 3

only Nicola

Question 4

Which one of these early pioneers in cognitive psychology was the first to undertake quantitative measurements of mental processes?

Answer 4

Ebbinghaus

Ebbinghaus was the first to take quantitative measurements of mental processes such as memory.

Question 5

__ founded behaviourism which ___ the study of inner mental processes.

Answer 5

John Watson, rejected

Question 6

An animal might learn the general conception of a maze through the use of ___.

Answer 6

cognitive map

Question 7

Noam Chomsky argued that language development was primarily determined by ___.

Answer 7

inborn biological processes

Question 8

The cognitive revolution, which marked a rebirth of the study of the mind, began in the ___.

Answer 8

1950s

Question 9

The predominant theme of the information-processing approach holds that the operation of the mind occurs ___.

Answer 9

in a number of stages

Question 10

In a flow diagram of the mind, messages first enter a(n) ___.

Answer 10

fitler

Question 11

In a classic paper from the 1950s, George Miller argued that the information-processing of the mind is ___.

Answer 11

limited to about seven items

Question 12

The structural model refers to representations of ___.

Answer 12

representations of physical structures.

Question 13

Of the following brain structures, the one that is LEAST associated with the pain matrix is the ___.

Answer 13

medulla

hippocampus is associated with the pain matrix

Question 14

The process model refers to representations of ___.

Answer 14

processes involved in cognitive mechanisms

Question 15

If you are thinking about experiences about a previous vacation, then you are most likely making use of ___ memories.

Answer 15

episodic

Question 16

According to the author of your text, the statement “A mind is a terrible thing to waste” represents which aspect of the mind?

Answer 16

Its importance, or value.

Question 17

In the context of the history of the study of mind, which of the following researchers focussed on how behaviour is controlled by the environment (and not the mind)?

Answer 17

Skinner

Question 18

Which psychologist presented a paper entitled “The Magical Number Seven Plus or Minus Two?”

Answer 18

George Miller

Question 19

Hasnain is interested in discovering the fundamental units of mind which, when put together, form the basis for our experiences. Which approach in psychology best characterises this?

Answer 19

Structuralisim

Question 20

Tolman:

Answer 20

• showed that something other than simple stimulus-response associations explained the performance of rats in his studies.
• demonstrated that rats were forming a “cognitive map” of the mazes they were running.
• .was outside the mainstream of behaviourism.

Question 21

Which of the following technological advances greatly influenced the advent of cognitive psychology?

Answer 21

the digital computer

Question 22

The “cognitive revolution” took a while to come to the fore because ___.

Answer 22

behaviourism was the dominant school of thought

Question 23

The book describes an example of a line of cognitive research leading from one conclusion to the next. After several studies on the matter, what was concluded about the relationship between working memory (WM) and pressure (P)?

Answer 23

Beilock and Carr (2005) showed that performance is equal under high P for those with high WM and those with low WM.

Question 24

What is the difference between a process model and a structural model?

Answer 24

Structural models represent a physical structure whereas process models represent processes.

Question 25

Pragnya is building a model which describes different events occurring in time when a person takes a bicycle from a starting position to a comfortable “cruising” speed. What kind of model would best characterize this?

Answer 25

Process