Chapter 2 and 3 Flashcards
______ is the second core of structural firefighting.
Building construction
Who is known as the father of Building Construction in the fire service?
Francis Brannigan
Who said, “The building is your enemy. Know your enemy.”
Francis Brannigan
______ is one of the greatest dangers structural firefighters face while working at a fire in a building.
Building collapse
What two styles of building are the vast majority of structures that exist today in the United States built using?
Conventional or lightweight
Conventional construction is sometimes referred to as?
Legacy Construction
Lightweight construction is sometimes referred to as?
Modern Construction
______ construction utilizes structural components that rely on size for strength.
Conventional
Lightweight construction relies on what for its strength?
Geometrical arrangement using tension and compression stability
______ is a social component using geometrically arranged triangular units to attain stability.
Truss
The top cord in a truss is in ______, and the bottom cord is in ____
Compression, Tension.
Lightweight constructions strength depends on the what
Geometry of its members
Truss systems that are used to build a common house today are mostly made of?
2x3s found in wooden I beams and 2x4s found in peaked roof trusses
A truss is only as strong as what
Connections
Buildings are constructed using structural components which are sometimes called
Structural elements or structural members
A ______ is a supporting component that transfers weight, usually horizontally, from one direction to its points of support.
Beam
What are the oldest structural components known to mankind?
Beams and columns
A ______ is only supported at one end.
Cantilever beam
______ is composed of a top and bottom flange separated by a vertical web.
I-beam
What are the three types of lightweight wooden I-beams?
TGI (tongue and groove)
Engineered wood Joist
PRIs (performance rated I-Joist)
A structural component that transmits a compressive load along a straight path.
Column
______ are typically vertical, but can be oriented in a more horizontal orientation such as a raker or strut that is helping to hold up a wall or a vehicle on its side
A column
What are the two ways that columns fail?
Buckling or being crushed
Arches combine the function of both a ______ and a _____.
Beam
Column
All the forces on the arch are______
Compressive
The arch carries its load in?
Compression
Who were the first to develop the use of arches?
Romans
Building components that transmit the compressor forces applied along the top or received at any point to the ground.
Walls
What are the two categories of walls?
Load bearing, non load bearing
What is the main purpose of the roof?
Keep the weather out of the building
In what type of building is the roof necessary to the structural stability of the building?
Tilt slab concrete building
Roofs built in the last 30 years are probably constructed using what?
Lightweight components or trusses
The building’s ability to resist collapse is called
Structural stability
What are the factors that affect a building’s ability to resist collapse?
The condition and size of structural components, type in condition of connections, fire load, the loads heat release rate
In lightweight construction, Mass has been replaced by_______
Mathematics
In lightweight construction, Mass has been replaced by_______
Mathematics
Who said, “Beware the Truss.”?
Francis Brannigan
At what temperature will a steel girder begin to elongate and twist
1000 degrees
______ is defined as the potential fuel available to the fire.
Fire load
How many people died in the Cocoanut Grove nightclub fire in Boston in 1942
492
How many people died in the Dorothy Mae Apartments fire in Los Angeles in 1982?
24
What is the third core principle of structural firefighting?
Strategy
What are the three strategic priorities for modern structural firefighting?
Life safety,
incident stability
property conservation
The ______ of a firefight is the overall plan.
Strategy
Who is usually the first IC at a structure fire?
The first in company officer
What is known as an assessment of the problems and conditions that are present on arrival of a structure fire?
Initial size up
What is the acronym for the traditional 13-point size up?
COAL WAS WEALTH
What is the first priority in the initial size up?
Life
What is the second priority in a rapid initial size up?
Fire
What is the third priority of the rapid initial size up?
Operations
What is the first responsibility of all fire officers?
The safety of their personnel under their direct supervision
What is the second priority of firefighting strategy?
Fire containment
After a life safety and fire containment, the next strategic priority is______.
Property conservation
