Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

describes data that consists of numbers and can be used in arithmetic operations.

A

Numeric

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2
Q

describes data that is non numeric.

A

String

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3
Q

a whole number in code.

A

integer

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4
Q

a number with decimal places

A

floating-point

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5
Q

floating-point numbers

A

Real numbers

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6
Q

a specific numeric value

A

numeric constant

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7
Q

a specific group of characters enclosed within quotation marks

A

string constant

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8
Q

can contain alphabetic characters, numbers, and punctuation.

A

Alphanumeric values

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9
Q

a literal numeric or string value.

A

unnamed constant

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10
Q

a statement that provides a data type, an identifier, and, optionally, an initial value.

A

declaration

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11
Q

a variable that can hold digits, have mathematical operations performed on it, and usually can hold a decimal point and a sign indicating positive or negative.

A

numeric variable

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12
Q

can hold text that includes letters, digits, and special characters such as punctuation marks.

A

string variable

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13
Q

is the feature of some programming languages that prevents assigning values of an incorrect data type.

A

type-safety

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14
Q

a program component’s name.

A

identifier

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15
Q

the steps that are repeated for each set of input data of a program.

A

Detail loop tasks

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16
Q

hold the steps you take at the end of the program to finish the application.

A

End-of-job tasks

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17
Q

a diagram that illustrates modules’ relationships to each other.

A

hierarchy chart

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18
Q

written explanations that are not part of the program logic but that serve as documentation for those reading the program.

A

program comments

19
Q

documentation within a coded program.

A

Internal documentation

20
Q

documentation that is outside a coded program.

A

External documentation

21
Q

contains information that expands on what appears in another flowchart symbol; it is most often represented by a three-sided box that is connected to the step it references by a dashed line.

A

annotation symbol

22
Q

programs that contain meaningful identifiers that describe their purpose.

A

Self-documenting

23
Q

a list of every variable name used in a program, along with its type, size, and description.

A

data dictionary

24
Q

a variable that you use to hold intermediate results during a program’s execution.

A

temporary variable (or work variable)

25
Q

a message that is displayed on a monitor to ask the user for a response and perhaps explain how that response should be formatted.

A

prompt

26
Q

the act of repeating input back to a user either in a subsequent prompt or in output.

A

Echoing input

27
Q

An expression that is either true or false.

A

Boolean Expression.

28
Q

True and False belong to the class ______

A

bool

29
Q

x != y means….

A

x is not equal to y

30
Q

x >= y means…

A

x is greater than or equal to y

31
Q

what sign is used to signify that two items are equal in python?

A

==

32
Q

The three logical operators in python.

A

and
or
not

33
Q

When the evaluation of a logical expression stops because the overall value is already known, it is called ____________ the evaluation.

A

Short-Circuiting

34
Q

The sequence of statements within a compound statement.

A

body

35
Q

An expression whose value is either True or False.

A

boolean expression

36
Q

One of the alternative sequences of statements in a conditional statement.

A

branch

37
Q

A conditional statement with a series of alternative branches.

A

chained conditional

38
Q

A statement that controls the flow of execution depending on some condition.

A

conditional statement

39
Q

A statement that consists of a header and a body. The header ends with a colon (:). The body is indented relative to the header.

A

compound statement

40
Q

Where we construct a logical expression with additional comparisons to take advantage of the short-circuit behavior.

A

guardian pattern

41
Q

One of the operators that combines boolean expressions: and, or, and not.

A

logical operator

42
Q

A conditional statement that appears in one of the branches of another conditional statement.

A

nested conditional

43
Q

A list of the functions that are executing, printed when an exception occurs.

A

traceback

44
Q

When Python is part-way through evaluating a logical expression and stops the evaluation because Python knows the final value for the expression without needing to evaluate the rest of the expression.

A

short circuit