Chapter 2

Question 1

Middleware

Answer 1

Software that acts as an intermediary by “sitting between” client and server applications

Question 2

Host-Based Architecture

Answer 2

The server performing all four functions (data storage, application logic, data access logic, presentation logic)

Problems:

• the server must process all messages —> servers become overloaded and unable to quickly process all users’ demands
• large upgrade costs

Question 3

Client-Based Architecture

Answer 3

Application software on the client computer is responsible for the presentation logic, application logic, and the data access logic; the server simply stores the data

Problems:

• all data on the server must travel to the client for processing which overloads the network circuits because far more data is transmitted from the server to the client than the client actually needs

Question 4

Client-Server Architecture

Answer 4

Attempts to balance the processing between the client and the server by having both so some of the logic.

Client is responsible for the presentation logic, server is responsible for data access logic and data storage. The application logic may either reside on the client, reside on the server, or be split between both

Question 5

Thin-client

Answer 5

Places little or no application logic on the client

Question 6

Thick-client

Answer 6

Places all or almost all of the application logic on the client

Question 7

Software as a service (SaaS)

Answer 7

One of the three cloud computing models. An organization outsourced the entire application to the cloud provider

Question 8

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Answer 8

Another of the three cloud computing models. Building your own application and manage your own data on the cloud infrastructure provided by your local cloud supplier

Question 9

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Answer 9

The cloud provider manages the hardware, including servers, storage, and networking components. The organization is responsible for all the software, including operating system, database software, and its applications and data.

Sometimes referred to as Hardware as a Service (HaaS) because only the hardware is provided (server hardware, storage hardware, network hardware)

Question 10

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

Answer 10

The most commonly used email standard simply because it is the email standard used on the internet

Question 11

Post Office Protocol (POP)

Answer 11

Common standard for communications between an email client and his or her mail server

Before a user can read a mail message with a POP email client, the email message must be copied to the client computers hard disk and deleted from the mail server

Question 12

Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

Answer 12

Common standard used to communicate between the receivers email client and his or her mail server

Question 13

Hyper-text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Answer 13

The standard protocol for communication between a web browser and a web server

Question 14

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Answer 14

For moving files between clients and servers