Chapter 2 Flashcards
Acute stress reactions
Reactions to stress that occur during a stressful situation.
Airborne transmission
The spread of an organism via droplets or dust.
Bloodborne pathogens
Pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
The primary federal agency that conducts and supports public health activities in the US. Apart of the Health and Human Services.
Communicable disease
A disease that can be spread from one person tor species to another.
Concealment
The use of objects to limit a persons visibility of you.
Critical incident stress management (CISM)
A process that confronts the responses to critical incidents and defuses them, directing the emergency services personnel toward physical and emotional equilibrium.
Cumulative stress reactions
Prolonged or excessive stress.
Delayed stress reactions
Reactions to stress that occur after a stressful situation.
Direction contact
Exposure or transmission of a communicable disease from one person to another by physical contact.
Exposure
A situation in which a person has had contact with blood, body fluids, tissues, or airborne particles in a manner that suggests disease transmission may occur.
Foodborne transmission
The contamination of food or water with an organism that can cause disease
General Adaptation Syndrome
The body’s response to stress that begins with an alarm response, followed by a stage or reaction and resistance, and then recovery or, if the stress is prolonged, exhaustion.
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by HIV, which damages the cells in the body’s immune system so that the body is unable to fight infection or certain cancers.
Indirect transmission
Exposure or transmission of disease from one person to another by contact with a contaminated object
Infection
The abnormal invasion of a host or host tissues by organisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites, with or without signs or symptoms of disease
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace.
Pathogen
A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a susceptible host.
Bacteria
Single-celled microorganisms that can exist either as independent (free-living) organisms or as parasites (dependent on another organism for life)
Virus
A metabolically inert, infectious agent that replicates only within the cells of living hosts, mainly bacteria, plants, and animals: composed of an RNA or DNA core, a protein coat, and, in more complex types, a surrounding envelope
Vector-borne transmission
The use of an animal to spread an organism from one person or place to another.
