Chapter 2 Flashcards
occupies space and has mass
matter
simplest substance; can’t be broken down by ordinary means
element
what are the 4 elements that 96% of the body is composed of
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
necessary elements in the body that are in small amounts
trace elements
2 or more elements in a fixed ratio
compound
smallest unit of matter w/ properties of elements
atom
the three subatomic particles
protons
electrons
neutrons
which subatomic particles are found in the nucleus
protons and neutrons
which subatomic particle is constantly orbiting the nucleus in the orbit shell
electrons
of protons in an atom; determines identity
atomic number
protons + neutrons; approximate mass of an atom
mass number
atoms that differ in the number of neutrons only
isotopes
unstable nucleus emits energy in the form of radiation
radioactive isotopes
what are some used for radioisotopes
1 disease diagnosis
2 cancer treatment
3 biomedical research
4 dating of material
determined properties of an atom
electrons arrangement
atom that has a stable/ full outer shell
inert
forces of attraction that allow atoms to achieve stable outer shells
ionic and covalents bonds
force of attraction between 2 ions with opposite charges
ionic bond
atom that has lost or gained electrons
ion
are ions charged ?
yes
are atoms charged?
no they have a balance of protons and electrons
electrons are shared between 2 atoms
covalent bonds
