Chapter 2 Flashcards by Steven Salinger

The Human Movement system consists of the Muscular system, the …, and the Nervous System

Skeletal system

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Three planes of motion

sagittal, frontal, transverse

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Sagittal plane bisects the body into… and occurs around a … axis

right and left halves; frontal(coronal)

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Frontal plane bisects the body into… and occurs around an … axis

front and back halves; anterior-posterior

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Transverse plane bisects the body into… and occurs around a … axis

top and bottom halves; longitudinal(vertical)

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Movements in the sagittal plane include…

flexion and extension

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Movements in the frontal plane include… relative to …

abduction and adduction of the limbs; the trunk

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Movements in the transverse plane include…

internal and external rotation for the limbs

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… and … occur in the foot and ankle complex

Inversion and Eversion

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… and … occur in the foot and ankle complex

Inversion and Eversion

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Transverse plane movements also consists of right and left rotation for…

the head and trunk

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Pronation and Supination occurs around which joint?

Radioulnar

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The three different muscle actions are Eccentric,…, and Concentric

Isometric

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Eccentric action occurs when…

muscles develop tension while lenthening

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Isometric actions occurs when…

tension develops and there is no visible change in muscle length

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Concentric action occurs when…

develops tension and the muscle shortens

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Eccentric action occurs because…

external forces are greater than contractile forces

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Isometric action occurs because…

contractile forces are equal to external forces and no movement occurs

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Concentric action occurs because…

contractile forces are greater than the external forces

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What is force?

an influence applied by one object to another, which results in an acceleration or deceleration of the second object

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Length-tension relationship refers to the resting length of a muscle and…

the tension the muscle can produce at this resting length

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The force-velocity curve refers to the relationship of a muscles ability to…

produce tension at differing shortening velocities

The synergistic action of muscles to produce movement around a joint is called a…

force-couple

Rotary motion is the movement of…

bones around a joint

Torque is a force that...

produces rotation

How many types of levers are there is the HMS

three

HMS stands for...

Human Movement System

First class levers have the fulcrum(pivot point)...

between the force(effort) and load(resistance)

Second class levers have the load...

between the effort and fulcrum

Which lever is most common in the HMS?

Third class

Agonists are the...

prime mover muscles

Antagonists are muscles that...

act in direct opposition to prime movers

Synergist muscles...

assist prime movers during functional movement patterns

Stabilizer muscles... while prime movers and synergists work.

support and stabilize

Third class levers have the effort...

between the load and pivot point

What are the two interdependent muscular stabilization systems within the HMS?

Local and global stabilization system

Local stabilization system predominantly involves...

joint stabilization and support

Joint support systems provide... to allow for... of a joint

stability; movement

Global stabilization systems predominantly create...

movement

Common local stabilizers are...

Transverse abdominals, multifidus, internal oblique, rotator cuff, posterior fibers of glute medius, external rotators of hips, oblique fibers of the vastus medialis

Common global stabilizers are...

rectus abdominis, external obliques, erector spinae, hamstring complex,gluteus maximus, latissimus dorsi, adductors, quads, gastrocnemius

Global muscle stabilizers are associated with...

movements of the trunk and limbs that equalize external loads on the body

Global muscles also transfer and... from the upper and lower extremities to...

absorb forces; the pelvis

How many systesms is the global system broken down into?

four

What are the four subsystems of the global stabilization system?

Deep Longitudinal Subsystem (DLS) Posterior Oblique Subsystem (POS) Anterior Oblique Subsystem (AOS) Lateral Subsytem (LS)

Major muscles of the DLS are...

``` Erector Spinae thoracolumbar fascia sacrotuberous ligament biceps femoris peroneus longus ```

DLS main function is to transfer force between...

the trunk and the ground during normal gait

The Psoas is part of which subsystem?

Deep Longitudinal Subsytem

The POS is primarily involved in...

rotational activities

Prime muscles of the POS are...

the glute maximus and the lats

Prime muscles in the AOS are...

internal and external oblique muscles, adductor complex and hip external rotators

The oblique, in tandem with the addcutor complex produce..., as well as

rotation and flexion; help stabilize the LPHC

The LS is composed of...

the gluteus medius, tensor fascia latae, adductor complex and the quadratus lumborum

The prime muscles of the LS primarily do what?

participate in frontal plane and pelvofemoral stability