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KNES 371 Exam 1 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Response Outcome Measures

A

Chronometry

Performance Errors

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2
Q

Chronometry

A 
Timing/Duration of movements
-Reaction time
Simple Rt
Choice Rt
Discrimination Rt
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3
Q

Reaction Time

A

Time interval between onset of stimulus and initiation of response

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4
Q

Simple RT

A

One stimulus and one possible response

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5
Q

Choice RT

A

Multiple stimuli and multiple possible responses

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6
Q

Discrimination RT

A

Multiple possible stimuli, multiple possible responses, with only a single correct response (Go/No Go)

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7
Q

Fractionated Reaction Time

A

Using electromyography, RT can be fractionated into pre-motor and motor components

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8
Q

Pre-Motor Time

A

Fractionated

Reflects time required to develop the plan of action and send it to the musculature involved (cognitive)

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9
Q

Motor Time

A

Fractionated

Represents the mechanical processes associated with the action (mechanical)

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10
Q

Variables Influencing RT

A 
Number of response choices 
Complexity of the response 
Accuracy demands
Amount of practice
Alcohol and RT
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11
Q

Number of response choices

A

increase # of response choices = increase RT

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12
Q

Complexity of the response

A

Number of components

Increased complexity = increased RT

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13
Q

Accuracy demands

A

Increased accuracy demands = increased RT

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14
Q

Amount of practice

A

Increased amount of practice = decreased RT (up to a certain point)

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15
Q

Alcohol

A

Increased alcohol intake = increased RT

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16
Q

Total Response Time

A

Time from the initiation of the stimulus until the movement (response) is completed
-Foreperiod or warning interval: time from the warning stimulus until response time

17
Q

Movement Time

A

Time between the start of the movement and its completion

Effective in demonstrating speed-accuracy trade-offf

18
Q

Fitts’ Law and Movement Time

A

Speed-Accuracy Trade-off

The faster you move, the less accurate you are

19
Q

Performances Errors

A

AE
CE
VE
E

20
Q

Absolute Error

A

Overall amount of error in a performance

21
Q

Constant Error

A

level of bias in a performance (considers amount and direction of error)

22
Q

Variable Error

A

Measures the inconsistency in performance

23
Q

Total Error

A

Provides an overall measure of performance. It is derived combination of CE and VE.

24
Q

Performance Errors- Continuous Skills

A

Root-mean-square error (RMSE)

25
Q

Performance Errors- Two dimensional Skills

A

Radial Error (RE)

26
Q

Kinetics

A

FORCE involved in producing measurements

EMG can be used as a kinetic measure

27
Q

Kinematics

A

Time, space, all the combinations
The qualities of motion without regard to force
-Displacement
-Velocity
-Acceleration
Provides insight on coordination and control

28
Q

Angle-Angle Diagrams

A

Describes the intalimb coordination between segments

Obtained by plotting angular displacement of two joints

29
Q

Phase-Plane Portraits

A

Illustrates how a particular joint is controlled

Obtained by plotting movement of one joint against a movement parameter

30
Q

Electromyography

A

(EMG)

describes how various muscles are activated

31
Q

Neurological Measures

A

Intracellular Recordings
Lesions and Ablations
Destroy Brain Sections
Brain Scanning Techniques

32
Q

Intracellular Recordings

A

Invasive

Used to explore the internal operations of individual brain cells

33
Q

Lesions and Ablations

A

Invasive

Invasive methods used to study changes in motor control when a neural structure is removed and/or lesioned

34
Q

Brain Scanning Technique Definition

A

Used to detect abnormalities in areas of the CNS and/or study dynamic brain function

35
Q

Brain Scanning Techniques

A

Positron Emission Tomography
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

36
Q

Positron Emission Tomography

A

Uses positron emissions to investigate which areas of the brain are active

37
Q

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

A

Describes the movement of blood/brain fluid

38
Q

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

A

uses magnetic stimulation to identify cortical paths

KNES 371 Exam 1 (2 decks)

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