Chapter 2 Flashcards
Why is interpreting census data on ethnicity difficult? (4)
- concept of ethnicity fluid
- increased intermarriage is making ethnicity more fluid
- changes in the format of the questions changing over time
- differences in social times, understanding, length of time since immigration
how much faster is aboriginal population growing?
6 times faster
define the aboriginal family
parents live with children, but the extended family plays a much larger role in the child care, community wide support was encouraged
define the character of canadian-english families (3)
- traditional masculine roles were encouraged
- chief responsibility is nuclear family
- community wide cooperation was discouraged
define the character of quebec family (4)
- mirrored france
- large families ideal
- influence of the RC church
- more feminine traits encouraged
How many different ethnic groups in canada?
over 200
how many different ethnic groups on the 1901 census?
25
what are two predictions concerning ethnicity by 2031?
25% will be foreign born, 30% among visible minority group
Nearly half of those 15 and older will b either foreign born or have at least one parent who is
mixed marriages suffer from two main problems, what are they?
- prejudice from relatives
2. differing cultural expectations and traditions within marriage
what was the chinese immigration act
prevented chinese men from bringing their families to canada, repealed in 1947
what was the 1976 immigration act
it defined four classes of citizens: Family, economic, refugee, other
Citizen act of 2009 did what?
It restricted citizenship to one generation born outside of Canada
what three problems plague immigrants when they look for jobs?
- lack of canadian experience
- qualifications not recognized
- lack of fluency in English and French
what is the difference in wage gap between Canadians and immigrants?
2.22 to 5 per hour
what is one reason children of immigrants struggle in Canada?
The conflict of two cultures between home and school
define stigma
an attribute that is used to differentiate individuals and has a negative value
who gets stigmatized by who?
The minority by the majority
what are the four acculturation strategies
Separation, assimilation, integration, marginalization
Define separation
Strategy based on willful segregation from dominant culture, or unwillful exclusion from dominant culture
define assimilation
Based on the in/voluntary rejection of culture of origin
Define integration
high levels of activity in both your own minority and in the mainstream culture are sought
Most adaptive pathway, implies flexibility
Define marginalization
little interest in maintaining culture of origin or assimilating into new one, the most destructive form
define acculturation policies
Strategies for integrating or excluding immigrants are promoted or enforced via the dominant group through laws or other official cultural programs
define multiculturalism
policy that accepts diversity and includes all ethnic and cultural groups
Define melting pot
policy that encourages all individuals to assimilate into dominant culture
what is the largest ethnic group?
Canadians
What year was the ethnic origin of Canadian put on the census?
1996
Most immigrants and adoptions come from…
China
