Chapter 2

Question 1

Phonetics

Answer 1

study of the minimal units that make up language; sounds of spoken language

Question 2

articulatory phonetics

Answer 2

the study of the production of speech sounds. for ex: investigates the physical properties of sounds

Question 3

acoustic phonetics

Answer 3

study of the transmission and the physical properties of speech sounds. for ex: investigates how sounds are produced

Question 4

auditory phonetics

Answer 4

study of the perception of speech sounds.

Question 5

International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

Answer 5

It is applicable to all spoken language and universal.

Question 6

monophthong

Answer 6

A simple vowel, composed of a single configuration of the vocal organs.

Question 7

Diphthongs

Answer 7

a complex vowel, composed of a sequence of two different configurations of the vocal organs,

Question 8

Bilabial

Answer 8

Consonants bringing both lips closer together

Question 9

Labiodental

Answer 9

Consonants made with lower lip against upper teeth

Question 10

Interdental

Answer 10

tip of the tongue protuding between front teech

Question 11

Alveolar

Answer 11

sounds made with tongue tip or near alveolar ridge

Question 12

Palatal

Answer 12

sounds made with tongue near the center of the hard portion of the roof of the mouth

Question 13

Velar

Answer 13

consonants produced at the soft palate of the roof of mouth behind the hard palate

Question 14

glottal

Answer 14

sounds that are produced at larynx

Question 15

Stops

Answer 15

made by obstructing the airstream completely in the oral cavity

Question 16

Fricatives

Answer 16

made by forming a nearly complete obstruction of the vocal tract

Question 17

affricatives

Answer 17

made by stopping the airstream completely and then releasing the articulators slightly so frication noise is produced

Question 18

nasals

Answer 18

produced by lowering velum and thus opening the nasal passage to the vocal tract

Question 19

glides

Answer 19

made with only a slight closure of the articulators, so that if the vocal tract were any more open the result would be a vowel sound

Question 20

intonation

Answer 20

Commonly refers to the pattern of pitch movements across a stretch of speech such as a sentence. The meaning of a sentence can depend in part on a intonation contour of the sentence.