Chapter 2 Flashcards
Appropriate indications for fetal echocardiography include all of the following except:
A. maternal diabetes mellitus
B. maternal arthritis
C. maternal lupus erythematosus
D. maternal phenylketonuria
B. maternal arthritis
The most appropriate view to access the interventricular septum is the:
A. apical four-chamber view
B. subcostal four-chamber view
C. long-axis view of the aorta
D. long-axis view of the pulmonary artery
B. subcostal four-chamber view
The most appropriate view to Doppler the tricuspid and mitral valves is the:
A. apical four-chamber view
B. subcostal four-chamber view
C. long-axis view of the aorta
D. long-axis view of the pulmonary artery
A. apical four-chamber view
The most appropriate view to access ventricular chamber size is the:
A. apical four-chamber view
B. subcostal four-chamber view
C. long-axis view of the aorta
D. long-axis view of the pulmonary artery
B. subcostal four-chamber view
The most appropriate view to access the orientation of the great arteries is the:
A. apical four-chamber view
B. subcostal four-chamber view
C. short-axis view of the great vessels
D. short-axis view of the ventricles
C. short-axis view of the great vessels
According to the AIUM, the optimum time for performing a fetal echocardiogram is between:
A. 18 and 20 weeks’ gestation
B. 18 and 22 weeks’ gestation
C. 20 and 24 weeks’ gestation
D. 22 and 26 weeks’ gestation
B. 18 and 22 weeks’ gestation
The most common indication for performing a fetal echocardiogram is:
A. family history of congenital heart disease
B. exposure to cardiac teratogens
C. chromosome abnormality
D. extracardiac abnormality
A. family history of congenital heart disease
Fetal risk for a congenital cardiac abnormality is highest if which relative is affected:
A. mother
B. father
c. brother
D. sister
A. mother
The chromosome abnormality that carries the highest risk of an associated cardiac defect is:
A. Down syndrome
B. Turner syndrome
C. Edwards syndrome
D. DiGeeorge syndrome
C. Edwards syndrome
A fetal heart positioned on the right side of the fetal chest with the apex pointing rightward is termed:
A. levocardia
B. levoposition
C. dextrocardia
D. dextroposition
C. dextrocardia
A fetal heart positioned on the right side of the fetal chest with the apex pointing leftward is termed:
A. levocardia
B. levoposition
C. dextrocardia
D. dextroposition
D. dextroposition
The three-vessel view consists of all of the following vessels except:
A. pulmonary artery
B. aorta
C. superior vena cava
D. inferior vena cava
D. inferior vena cava
A normal E/A ratio of the mitral or tricuspid valve in the fetus is:
A. 2
A.
An abnormal E/A ratio may be indicative of:
A. polysplenia
B. asplenia
C. intrauterine growth restriction
D. oligohydramnios
C. intrauterine growth restriction
M-mode can be used to diagnose an arrhythmia by placing the cursor simultaneously through:
A. the left atrium and the right atrium
B. the left atrium and the right ventricle
C. the aorta and the pulmonary artery
D. the superior and inferior vena cavae
B. the left atrium and the right ventricle
Which of the following carries an increased risk for congenital heart disease?
A. echogenic intracardiac focus
B. prominent moderator band
C. prominent Chiari netowrk
D. persistent left superior vena cava
D. persistent left superior vena cava
To assess a value for insufficiency, the pulsed Doppler cursor should be placed _________ to the valve.
A. proximal
B. distal
C. lateral
D. medial
A. proximal
To assess a value for stenosis, the pulsed Doppler cursor should be placed _________ to the valve.
A. proximal
B. distal
C. lateral
D. medial
B. distal
Aortic override may be best visualized in which view?
A. apical four-chamber view
B. short-axis view of the great vessels
C. long-axis view of the aorta
D. three-vessel view
C. long-axis view of the aorta
In a three-vessel-trachea view, the most anterior structure should be the:
A. pulmonary artery
B. aorta
C. superior vena cava
D. trachea
A. pulmonary artery
The most common fetal cardiac abnormality associated with maternal infection is:
A. structural anomaly
B. dextrocardia
C. cardiomyopathy
D. arrhythmia
C. cardiomyopathy
The most common fetal cardiac abnormality associated with maternal lupus erythermatous is:
A. premature atrial contraction
B. premature ventricular contraction
C. supraventricular tachycardia
D. complete heart block
D. complete heart block
An increased nuchal translucency in the first trimester, with a normal karyotype, carries a risk of an associated heart defect of:
A. 0%-2%
B. 2%-5%
C. 5%-7%
D. 7%-10%
B. 2%-5%
The most appropriate view to assess atrial chamber size is the:
A. apical four-chamber view
B. subcostal four-chamber view
C. long-axis view of the aorta
D. long-axis view of the pulmonary artery
B. subcostal four-chamber view
