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Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Large areas of flat/ gently rolling land. No higher than 1000 feet.

A

Plains

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2
Q

What are two types of plains

A

Coastal

Inland

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3
Q

Another name for inland plains is

A

High plains

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4
Q

Plains are found on all continents except

A

Antarctica

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5
Q

Large areas of flat land that rise 1500 ft and have at least 1 steep side

A

Plateau

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6
Q

What is another name for plateau

A

Tablelands

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7
Q

This land forms makes up 45% of the earth’s surface

A

Plateaus

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8
Q

What is the highest plateau in the world

A

Plateau of Tibet

10-15000 ft

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9
Q

Plateaus make up ___% of the earth’s surface

A

45

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10
Q

Landforms with steep slopes and a peak or summit. At least 2000 ft high

A

Mountains

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11
Q

What is another name for mountains

A

Highlands

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12
Q

Mountains cover ___ of the earth’s surface

A

1/5

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13
Q

What is the highest mountain chain in the world

A

Himalayas

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14
Q

What is the highest peak in the world

A

Mt. Everest

29035 ft

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15
Q

What are the four types of mountains

A

Volcanic
Dome
Fault block
Folded

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16
Q

Earth’s tectonic plates are pushed together in roller coaster like waves

A

Folded mountains

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17
Q

What is the most common type of mountain

A

Folded mountains

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18
Q

What are examples of folded mountains

A

Appalachians
Ural Mountains
Alps
Himalayas

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19
Q

Earth’s crust is heaved or pushed upwards without folding or splitting

A

Dome mountains

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20
Q

What are examples of dome mountains

A

Black hills

Adirondacks

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21
Q

Earth’s crust breaks along a fault line. Layers of the earth’s crust are moved upwards from pressure of tectonic plates

A

Fault block mountain

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22
Q

Steep on one side and sloping on the other

A

Fault block mountains

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23
Q

Examples of fault block mountains

A

Sierra Nevadas

Grand Tetons

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24
Q

How were the Rocky Mountains formed

A

By folding and faulting

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25
Earth's crust breaks apart and very hot molten material flows out
Volcano
26
What is that largest active volcano
Mauna Loa
27
A area of low land that lies between hills or mountains
Valley
28
Deep, narrow valley formed by steep sides of mountains or hills
Canyon
29
Piece of land extending from a continent and surrounded by water on 3 sides
Peninsula
30
Piece of land completely surrounded by water
Island
31
When the ___ sticks up above the ocean, an __ is formed
Mid Oceanic ridge; island
32
A group of islands
Archipelago
33
Area of low lying land formed by soil deposited at the mouth of a river
Delta
34
Changing the shape of rocks though breakage or chemical change
Weathering
35
Describe mechanical weathering
Water gets between rocks, freezes and expands causing the rocks to crack. Also known as frost wedging
36
Describe chemical weathering
Chemical in the air or water combine to cause rocks to change Acid rain
37
What is the most powerful force of erosion
Water
38
Wearing away of the earth's surface though wind, water, and rain
Weathering
39
What are the two types of glaciers
Mountain | Sheet
40
Describe mountain glaciers
Smaller than sheet glaciers | Create sharp peaks and u-shaped valleys
41
Describe sheet glaciers
Cover large areas
42
What percentage of the earth is glaciated
10%
43
What are the three types of plate boundaries
Divergent boundary Convergent boundary Transform bounding
44
Tectonic plates move away from each other. Also known as sea floor spreading
Divergent boundary
45
Plates crashing into each other
Convergent boundary
46
Plates are sliding past each other along fault lines
Transform bounding
47
True or false: most plate boundaries are under the ocean floor
True
48
What is an example of a fault system
San Andreas fault system
49
What are the five types of soil
``` Lateritic Podzolic Chernozem Desert Cold land soil ```
50
Describe lateritic
Reddish yellow Rain forest soil Hot temps and lots of rain Lots of humus
51
Describe podzolic
Deep forest regions Cool temps Little humus
52
Describe chernozem
Prairie soil (found in prairie and grassland) Lots of humus Fertile Black
53
Describe desert
Little humus | Can be fertile is irrigated (not the case bc of little rain fall)
54
Describe cold land soil
Cold temps all year | Ground is always frozen - permafrost
55
__ of the earth is covered in permafrost
1/5
56
What is the largest ocean
Pacific
57
__ of the earth is ocean
1/3
58
Where is the pacific oceans deepest point
Near Guam in the Marianas trench
59
What is the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean
Puerto Rico
60
What is the deepest point in the Indian Ocean
Java
61
What is the smallest ocean? And where is its deepest point?
Arctic Ocean | Eurasian Basin
62
A large body of salt water that is surrounded by land except for a narrow passage into an ocean
Sea
63
How many high and low tides does the ocean experience per day
2 high | 2 low
64
Rivers formed by smaller streams
Tributaries
65
A large body of fresh water surrounded by land
Lake
66
Point at which a river begins
Source
67
Where the river empties into an ocean or another body of water
Mouth
68
All continents except __ have rivers
Antarctica
69
Plant and animal community that covers a large area
Biome
70
What are the 5 basic biomes
``` Forest Savanna Temperate grassland Desert Tundra ```
71
The rain forest covers __% of the earth's surface
6
72
What are the 4 major landforms
Plains Plateaus Hills Mountains

Regionals (7 decks)

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