Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is geography
The study of the earth and the people who live on it
What are the five themes of geography
Location Place Human environment Movement Region
What are the two types of location
Relative
Absolute
The position of a place in relation to other places
Relative location
The exact spot of the earth where something is found
Absolute location
True or false: lines of longitude are always equal in distance from each other
False
Lines of latitude measure __ degrees to __ degrees (north/south)
0; 90
Lines of longitude measure from __ degrees to __ degrees (east/west)
0; 180
Tropic of Cancer
23 1/2 North latitude
Tropic of Capricorn
23 1/2 south latitude
Arctic circle
66 1/2 north latitude
Antarctic circle
66 1/2 south latitude
What do geographers mainly focus on
Place
Land layer of the earth
Lithosphere
Water layer
Hydrosphere
Air on the earth
Atmosphere
All of earths plant and animal life exist in together
Biosphere
What are the three regions
Formal
Functional
Perpetual
The process of putting the features of a map onto a flat surface
Projection
True or false: all maps are projections
True
What are the 4 different types of map projections
Cylindrical
Conical
Flat plane
Robinson
What is the best known cylindrical projection and what does it show
Mercator projection
Shows true direction
Who often uses Mercator projections
Navigators
Where are conical projections most accurate?
Along the lines of latitude where it touches the globe
What are conic projections used for
Areas with greater east west dimension than north south
What is another name for a flat plane projection
Azimuthal projection
What is a flat plane projection use in? What does it show
Mapping the north and south poles
Shows true area
Which projection is often used in world maps
Robinson projection
What are the three categories in maps
General reference
Thematic
Navigational
Features such as boundaries, cities, capitals, rivers
General reference
Focus on specific types of info like climate, population density, etc
Thematic
Graphic representation of a maritime area and adjacent coastal regions
Navigational
What are the common types of graphs
Bar Line Pie Pictograph Climograph
Shows relationships among several persons, places, or things
Bar graph
Shows changes over time (comparison)
Line
Shows how a whole is divided into parts
Pie
Shows a picture or comparison of some item such as a percentage of males vs. females
Pictograph
Compares temps and precipitation amounts in different latitudes and locations
Climograph (think of climate)
What is the language with the most speakers
Mandarin Chinese
What is the language with the second highest speakers
English
A regional variety of language
Dialect
Which language has become the most widespread
English
What percentage of the world is ethnic religion
24%
What are examples of ethnic religions
Hinduism Taoism Confucianism Shintoism Judaism
A special type of ethnic religion often found in Africa which people believe in many spirits and forces
Animism
What percent of the world is part of a universal religion
64%
What are examples of universal religions
Christianity
Islam
Buddhism
Total value of goods and service that a nation within the country produces in a year
GDP
The total value of good and services produced by U.S firms in foreign countries
GNP
Characteristics of developed nations
High standard of living
High GNP
Advanced communications and transportation systems
Characteristics of less developed nations
Lower standard of living
Lower per capita GDP
Many farm
No electricity
What are the five types of geography
Human Physical Economic Political Regional
