Chapter 2 Flashcards
How are Infectious Diseases Spread
People
Animals
Objects in Contact
Primary Blood Borne Pathogens
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
HIV
Disease Transmission
Direct Contact
Indirect Contact
Droplet Transmission
Vector Borne Transmission
Natural Disease Defenses
Skin
Mucus Membrane
Immune System
4 Conditions For Spreading Disease
Presence of Pathogen
Sufficient Quantity
Susceptible Person
Passing Through Entry Site
Proper Cleaning of an Area
1 1/2 Cups of Chlorine Bleach to 1 gallon of water
let sit for 10 minutes
HIV
A virus that weakens the body’s immune system, leading to life-threatening infections; causes AIDS
Lividity
Purplish color in the lowest-lying parts of a recently dead body, caused by pooling of blood
MRSA
Staph bacterium that can cause infection; difficult to treat because of its resistance to many antibiotics
OSHA
Federal agency whose role is to promote the safety and health of American workers by setting and enforcing standards; providing training, outreach and education; establishing partnerships; and encouraging continual process improvement in workplace safety and health
Pathogen
Term used to describe a germ; a disease-causing agent
Standard precautions
Safety measures, including BSI and universal precautions, taken to prevent occupational-risk exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials; assumes that all body fluids, secretions and excretions are potentially infective.
Universal precautions
A set of precautions designed to prevent transmission of HIV, hepatitis B virus and other blood borne pathogens when providing care; considers blood and certain body fluids of all patients potentially infectious.
Innate immunity
Type of protection with which we are born; natural barriers
Adaptive immunity
develops throughout our lives as we are exposed to diseases or immunized against them.
