Chapter 2

Question 1

Bio security

Answer 1

Security from transmission of infectious diseases, parasites and pests.

Question 2

Bucks

Answer 2

Intact male goat

Question 3

Bull

Answer 3

Intact male bovine

Question 4

Cattle shank

Answer 4

Leather lead with a short section of chain at the proximal end. Can be placed over horses nose, through the mouth, or across the upper gum for greater control.

Question 5

Chute

Answer 5

Open set of bars with two doors at the front and back often used for cattle restraint.

Question 6

Hog snare

Answer 6

Instrument used in swine to restrain the animal by holding the maxilla.

Question 7

Nose band

Answer 7

Part of the halter that passes over the bridge of the nose.

Question 8

Nose lead

Answer 8

Scissor like instrument with blades that curve toward each other and are fitted a knob on each of the ends. Inserted into nostrils with blades opened, positioned on either side of septum, then closed tight. Restraint for cows.

Question 9

Palpation gate

Answer 9

Gate near the rear of working chute that opens to allow access to the rear of the animal. Often used in cattle.

Question 10

Point of Balance

Answer 10

At the shoulder, the point on an animals body that can be used for movement. Moving in front of the point of balance, toward the head, will make the animal back up. Moving past the point of balance, toward the rear, will make the animal go forward.

Question 11

Stanchions

Answer 11

Simple head catch that usually has a horizontal single bar on the sides and an open rear area.

Question 12

Stocks

Answer 12

Open set of bars with two doors at the front and back often used for horse restraint. Similar to a working chute.

Question 13

Tail gate

Answer 13

Rear gate on a working chute.

Question 14

Tub

Answer 14

Area before the chute where animals can be crowded and encouraged to move up the alleyway. Also known as “crowding pen”.

Question 15

Working chute

Answer 15

Device used to restrain large animals, especially cattle and horse. A small stall into which the animal is encouraged to walk. The animal’s head is fixed and the back of the chute is closed. Quick release gates are imperative.

Question 16

Backstop

Answer 16

Metal bar within an alleyway that, once an animal moves past it within the alleyway, swings out to prevent the animal from backing up.

Question 17

Animal Behavior Factors

Answer 17

species, breed, sex, neutered, age, estrus

Question 18

Appropriate Attire

Answer 18

Dress for the weather.
No jewelry.
Shoes that won’t slip.

Question 19

Hospital & Facility Hazards

Answer 19

Zoonotic disease
Drugs/Chemicals accidentally injected, absorbed, aspirated.
Dangerous equipment.
Slippery surfaces.

Question 20

Physical restraint of horses

Answer 20

Halter & lead ropes
Elevating a leg
Chain Shank
Tail restraint
Twitches

Question 21

Natural Twitch

Answer 21

Shoulder (skin) twitch and lip twitch

Never perform an ear twitch!

Question 22

Mechanical Twitch

Answer 22

Designed to “pinch” the upper lip.

Traditional and Humane

Question 23

Physical restraint of cows - 2 steps

Answer 23

1 - individual separated from the herd

2 - individual must be restrained appropriately for procedure.

Question 24

Moving & Herding Cows

Answer 24

Point of Balance
Use of backstops in alleyways
Tailing - middle of tail grasped and twisted forward to one side or other, over back and off the midline.

Question 25

Bovine Restraint

Answer 25

Chute - squeeze chute, hydraulic chute, may have palpation gate.
Head Restraint - rope halter, cattle halter, nose tongs
Tail Hold (tail jack) - tail is tied up, across back and tied to front limb.
Leg Restraint - hobbles, milking hobbles
Flank Rope or anti-kick bar or lifting legs w/rope
Tilt table
Casting: forcing cow to the ground w/rope.