Chapter 2 Flashcards
(47 cards)
The human movement system of kinetic chain consists of the
muscular, skeletal and nervous system
neurons are comprised of which three parts?
cell body, axon, dendrites
what structures are responsible for sensing distortions of body tissue brought about through stretch, compression, traction, or tension?
mechanoreceptors
which of the following sensory receptors will cause a muscle to relax when excited?
golgi tendon organs
which sensory receptor is most sensitive to change length of muscle and the rate of that change?
muscle spindles
Actin and myosin are the primary components of myofilaments that make what?
myofibril
The central nervous system is composed of what?
brain and spinal cord
The peripheral nervous system consists of what?
nerves and connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body
Sensory function of the nervous system
the ability of the nervous system to sense change in either the internal or external environment
integrative function of the nervous system
the ability of the nervous system to analyze and interpret the sensory information to allow for proper decision making which produces an appropriate response
Motor Function
the neuromuscular response to the sensory information
Proprioception
the body ability to sense the relative position of adjacent parts of the body
Neuron
the functional unit of the nervous system, that processes and transmits information through both electrical and chemical signals
Sensory (afferent) neurons
transmit nerve impulses from effector sites such as muscles and organs to the brain and spinal cord
Interneurons
transmit nerve impulses from one neuron to another
Motor (efferent) neurons
Transmit nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body
Somatic nervous system
nerves that serve the outer parts of the body and skeletal muscle, and are largely responsible for voluntary movement
Autonomic system
supplies neural input to the involuntary systems of the body
Sympathetic
increase levels of activation in preparation for activity
Parasympathetic
decrease levels of activation during rest and recovery
What do the 4 sensory receptors do? mechanoreceptors, nociceptors, chemoreceptors, photoreceptors?
- Mechanoreceptors: mechanical forces (touch and pressure)
- nociceptors: respond to pain (pain receptors)
- chemoreceptors: chemical interactions (smell and taste)
- photoreceptors: respond to light
Mechanoreceptors
specialized structures that respond to mechanical pressure within tissues and then transmit signals through sensory nerves
Muscle spindles
sensory receptors within muscles that run parallel to the muscle fibers and are sensitive to change in length and rate of length change
Golgi Tendon Organs
receptors sensitive to change in tension of the muscle and rate of that change
