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jour 223 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

___% of Americans owned a radio by 1930

A

50

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2
Q

Pianos were kept in the studio to

A

“fill time”

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3
Q

Most radio served ______________

A

commercial interests

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4
Q

______% of stations were owned by corporations

A

75

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5
Q

Top radio corporations.

A

GE
AT&T
RCA
Westinghouse

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6
Q

75% of stations were owned by _______________

A

corporations

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7
Q

Solution for Madness on the Airways in 1919-1925

A

station classification

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8
Q

Station Classification

A

Class A stations

Class B stations

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9
Q

Run by individuals (armatures). Ham radio operators

A

Class A stations

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10
Q

Run by corporations. Stringent programming standards (live vs. recorded)

A

Class B stations

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11
Q

Station Classification caused lots of law suites because of 1st Amendment Violations and lead to ________________

A

Radio Act of 1927

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12
Q
  1. Open access was rejected
    - –Fewer good broadcasters were better than lots of mediocre ones
  2. Radio would be regulated
  3. Broadcasters must be licensed.
  4. FRC (Federal Radio Commission) was created
  5. Radio stations could operate with commercial interests
    - –Play ads and make $$$$$$
A

Radio Act of 1927

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13
Q

The idea that fewer good broadcasters were better than lots of mediocre ones, which was rejected due to the Radio Act of 1927

A

Open access

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14
Q

Under the Radio Act of 1927 radio would be ________

A

regulated

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15
Q

Under the Radio Act of 1927 broadcasters must be _________

A

licensed

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16
Q

Under the Radio Act of 1927 this commission was created

A

FRC

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17
Q

FRC

A

Federal Radio Commission

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18
Q

Under the Radio Act of 1927 radio stations could operate with _______________. Play ads and make $$$$$$

A

Commercial interests

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19
Q

The provisions of the 1927 Radio Act were known as the ________________

A

Progressive Compromise

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20
Q

Instead of a nationally controlled radio system the US decided on a corporately controlled radio system acting under guidelines imposed by the US Govt.

A

Progressive Compromise

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21
Q

The implications of this “compromise” are still felt today

A

Progressive Compromise

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22
Q

The newly created FRC went to work doing away with ________________

A

“unimportant stations.”

23
Q

The first radio network signed on in _______

A

1926

24
Q

What was the first radio station?

A

NBC

25
Q

NBC

A

National Broadcasting Company

26
Q

A new type of radio entertainment swept America by storm.

A show/serial featuring ________________

A

Recurring characters

27
Q

A handful of central performers who returned each week creating a sense of continuity and community

A

Recurring characters

28
Q

Recurring characters gave an invisible intimacy developed between these characters and the audience, and it resulted in ____________ & _____________

A

Tremendously popular & profitable shows

29
Q

____________ are the only stations in a market authorized to air a network’s programs.

A

Affiliates

30
Q

As the popularity of these programs rose, stations rushed to become NBC ______________

A

Affiliates

31
Q

Several frustrated station owners who were unable to become NBC affiliates joined together and created the _____________ in 1927

A

CBS

32
Q

CBS

A

Columbia Broadcasting System

33
Q

When was CBS created?

A

1927

34
Q

While radio was thriving (based on popularity), it sacrificed ___________ & ____________

A

flexibility & individuality

35
Q

__________ stations found it harder and harder to survive.

A

Unaffiliated

36
Q

In 1934 Congress passed the _____________ which abolished the FRC and created the FCC

A

Communications Act

37
Q

FCC

A

Federal Communications Commission

38
Q

The FCC was created to help break up some of the communications ________ that had developed by 1934.

A

monopolies

39
Q

What year was the Communications Act passed

A

1934

40
Q

The most notable monopoly that was broken up by the FCC was NBC, which eventually spawned the ___________

A

ABC

41
Q

ABC

A

American Broadcasting Company

42
Q

The FCC was mandated with _____________________

A

Safeguarding America’s airwaves

43
Q

-Ensuring limited interference
-Issuing licenses
-Shutting down pirate radio stations
(Pirate radio generally describes the unlicensed broadcast of AM or FM radio wave signals over a wide range)
-Maintaining decency on the air

A

Safeguarding America’s airwaves, handled by FCC

44
Q

________radio generally describes the unlicensed broadcast of AM or FM radio wave signals over a wide range

A

Pirate

45
Q

The FCC has the authority to punish any party who “utters any _______,______, or_______ language by means of radio communication.”

A

Indecent
Obscene
Profane

46
Q

“language or material that, in context, depicts or describes, in terms patently offensive as measured by contemporary community standards for the broadcast medium, sexual or excretory organs or activities.”

A

Indecent

47
Q

Obscene

A

Depicts or describes sexual conduct in a patently offensive way

48
Q

The average person, applying contemporary community standards would find that the work, taken as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest in sex;

A

Obscene

49
Q

Taken as a whole, the work lacks serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value.

A

Obscene

50
Q

“language so GROSSLY OFFENSIVE to members of the public who actually hear it as to amount to a NUISANCE”

A

Profane

51
Q

Safe Harbor

A

10pm-6am

52
Q

FCC thinks children are asleep from 10p-6a.

A

Safe Harbor

53
Q

Bubba the Love Sponge, Howard Stern, O&A, Imus and others would be played during

A

Safe Harbor

54
Q

The FCC rules are

A

SUBJECTIVE!

jour 223 (3 decks)

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