chapter 2 Flashcards
VLAN
a logical group of end devices
Modern design of a vlan
1 Vlan = 1 ip subnet
Trunks
connect switches to transport multiple vlans across a single physical link (multiplexing)
How far should a vlan at the access layer extend
no further than their associated distribution switch
how do you disable trunk negotiation on a switch port
change the mode to access
“Switchport mode access”
ISL Inter Switch Link
cisco proprietary trunking protocol
802.1Q IEEE
a widely supported industry standard protocol
native vlan
an untagged vlan on an 802.1q trunked switchport
DTP Dynamic Trunking Protocol
a cisco proprietary protocol for dynamically negotiating trunk links
DTP port mode Acess
permanent non-trunking mode
DTP port mode Trunk
permanent trunking mode
DTP port mode Nonegotiate
permanent trunking mode but prevents the interface from generating dtp frames used to connect devices that do not support dtp
DTP port mode Dynamic desirable
the interface attempts to convert the link to a trunk link
DTP port mode auto
the interface is willing to convert the link to a trunk link but nodes not negotiate it this is the default mode
VTP Vlan Trunking Protocol
cisco-proprietary protocol that automates the propagation of vlan information between switches via trunk links to minimize misconfigurations
VTP domains
define sets of interconnected switches sharing the same configuration
VTP mode client
- cannot create, change, or delete vlans on cmd line interface
- forwards advertisements to other switches
- does not save vlan configuration in NVRAM
VTP mode Server
- can create, modify and delete vlans
- sends and forwards advertisements to other switches
- saves vlan configuration in NVRAM
VTP mode Transparent
- Can create, modify and delete vlans only on the local switch
- forwards vtp advertisements received from other switches in the same management domain
- Saves vlan configuration in NVRAM
VTP Operation
- VTP advertisements are sent as multicast frames
- VTP servers and clients are synchronized to the latest revision number
- VTP advertisements are sent every 5 mins or when something is changed
VTP Pruning
prevents flooded traffic from propagating to switches that do not have members in specific vlans
VTP Versions 1
V1 transparent switches inspect vtp messages fro the domain name and version and forward a message only if the version and domain name match
VTP Versions 2
V2 transparent switches forward VTP messages in transparent mode without checking versions
VTP Versions 3
V3 adds pramry and secondary server roles
- extended vlan range support 1025-4094
- supports private vlans
VTP Message Type Summary Advertisements
inform adjacent switches of the current vtp domain name and the configuration revision number
VTP Message Type Subset Advertisements
contains a list of vlan information
VTP Message Type Requests
this happens when a switch is reset
the vtp domain name has been changed
the switch has received a vtp summary advertisement with a higher configuration revision than its own
EtherChannel Technology
upto 8 physical links can be bundled into a single logical ether channel link
EtherChannel Management Protocols PAgP (Port Aggregation Protocol)
a cisco proprietary protocol that aids in the automatic creation of the fast etherchannel links
EtherChannel Management Protocols LACP ( Link Aggregation Control Protocol)
is part of an IEEE specification that also allows several physical ports to be bundled together to form an etherchannel
- better descriptive names for modes
