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ORAL HISTO > Chapter 2⃣ > Flashcards

Chapter 2⃣ Flashcards

0
Q

Epithelium of the oral mucosa originates partly from the..

A

Ectoderm

Endoderm

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1
Q

Lined with an UNINTERRUPTED MUCOUS MEMBRANE

A

Oral cavity

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2
Q

Divided by the alveolar processes and the dental arches of the maxilla and mandible

A

Oral cavity

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3
Q

2 spaces in the oral cavity

A

Vestibule

Oral cavity proper

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4
Q

Boundaries of vestibule: LABIALLY

A

Mucosa of lips

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5
Q

Boundaries of vestibule: BUCALLY

A

Mucosa of cheeks

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6
Q

Boundaries of vestibule: ORALLY

A

Alveolar mucosa
Gingiva
Facial surfaces of teeth

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7
Q

Boundaries of oral cavity proper: ANT & LAT

A

Oral surfaces of teeth

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8
Q

Boundaries of oral cavity proper: CRANIALLY

A

Mucosa of hard and soft palate

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9
Q

Boundaries of oral cavity proper: INFERIORLY/CAUDALLY

A

Mucosa of tongue

Floor of mouth

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10
Q

Boundaries of oral cavity proper: POSTERIOLATERALLY

A

Ant pillar of the fauces

Tonsils

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11
Q

8 paraoral tissues

A 
Lips
Cheeks
Tongue
Teeth
Tonsils
Salivary glands
Hard and soft palate
Floor of the mouth
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12
Q

3 regions of the tongue

A

Tip
Body
Base

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13
Q

Anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

Tip and body

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14
Q

Posterior 1/3

A

Base

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15
Q

Body and base

A

Terminal sulcus

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16
Q

Apex of terminal sulcus

Marks the FORAMEN ORIFICE of the thyroglossal duct

A

Foramen cecum

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17
Q

Divides the long axis of the dorsal mucosa of the tip and body of the tongue into equal sized halves

A

Median sulcus

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18
Q

Structures in the hard and soft palate

A 
Incisive papilla
Median palatine raphe
Palatine rugae
Fovea palatinae
Uvula
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19
Q

Ant pillar of fauces

A

Palatoglossal arch

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20
Q

Post pillar of fauces

A

Palatopharyngeal

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21
Q

Between ant and post pillar of fauces

A

Palatine tonsils

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22
Q

Found at the sides of the tongue or in the pharyngeal folds

A

Palatine or FAUCIAL tonsils

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23
Q

It is referred to as SPECIALIZED MUCOSA

Mediates sensations of touch temp and taste

A

Mucosa of the dorsum of the tongue

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24
Q

External muscles extending into the tongue

A

Genioglosssus
Hyoglossus
Palatoglossus
Styloglossus

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25
Q

Consists of 4 types of papillae

A

Dorsum of the tongue

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26
Q

Slender, threadlike keratinized extensions that covers ant part and gives VELVETY appearance

A

Filiform

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27
Q

Provides tactile sensation

A

Filiform

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28
Q

Ability to know that there is something on the tongue (filiform)

A

Tactile sensation

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29
Q

They have remarkable capability for SPATIAL PERCEPTION like transmitting pressure and tensions

A

Filiform

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30
Q

Most numerous papillae

Fingerlike appearance

A

Filiform

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31
Q

3 types of nerve endings

A

Free nerve endings
Complex end organs
Epithelial nerve endings

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32
Q

Most common type of nerve endings

A

Complex end organs

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33
Q

No taste function

A

Filiform

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34
Q

Filiform: grows very long..

A

Hairy tongue

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35
Q

Filiform: are lost

A

Glossitis

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36
Q

FILIFORM

A

Ant 2/3
Thin conical
NON

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37
Q

Smooth round or mushroom structure that are less numerous than the filiform

A

Fungiform

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38
Q

FUNGIFORM

A

Ant 2/3
Mushroom
Tip- sweet
Lateral- salty

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39
Q

They are 8-15 BILATERAL RIDGES OF MUCOSA

located at POSTERIOR edge of the body of the tongue

A

Foliate

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40
Q

They lie PARALLEL to each other and are separated by deep folds

A

Foliate

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41
Q

Few taste buds @ birth

A

Foliate

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42
Q

FOLIATE

A

Posterior
Leaf like
Sour

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43
Q

Largest papillae

Least in number

A

Circumvallate

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44
Q

8-10 papillae at the ant edge of terminal sulcus

A

Circumvallate

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45
Q

This row divides the ant 2/3 of the tongue from post 1/3

A

Circumvallate

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46
Q

The outer surface and folds of these papillae are covered by ORTHOKERATINIZEd epi

A

Circumvallate

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47
Q

Ducts of wc opens at the bottom of epithelial folds in the depths of lamina propria

A

Ebners glands

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48
Q

A special type of receptor whose function is to detect the TASTE OF WATER

A

Circumvallate

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49
Q

CIRCUMVALLATE

A

Ant to terminal sulcus
Mushroom
Bitter

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50
Q

Barrel shaped or hazel nuts shaped structures with ovoid epithelial cells

A

Taste buds

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51
Q

It is a barrel shaped structure composed of 30 to 100 spindle shaped cells at their bases

A

Taste buds

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52
Q

A taste pit that communicates with the surface through a small opening

A

Taste pore

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53
Q

Usually 10-14 in each taste bud

A

Type 1

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54
Q

4 cell populations:

Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
Type 4

A
  1. taste cells or dark cells
  2. Light cells/ supporting / sustentacular
  3. Intermediate cells
  4. Basal cells / reserve cells
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55
Q

Have a cytoplasmic process that extends far into the taste pore and ends in numerous long, fingerlike microvilli

A

Type 1

Taste cells or dark cells

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56
Q

Rich in heterochromatin

A

Type 1

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57
Q

Function of type1 cells

A

Synthesis and secretion of pore substance

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58
Q

Are much less numerous but more VOLUMINOUS than dark cells

A

Type 2

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59
Q

Low in heterochromatin

A

Type 2

Light cells

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60
Q

Function unknown

Support the other cells

A

Type 2
Supporting cells
Sustentacular cells
Light cells

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61
Q

The least numerous cell population of taste buds

A

Type 3

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62
Q

Surrounded by taste cells or type 1 cells

A

Type 3

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63
Q

Nuclei are also rich in heterochromatin like type 1 cells

A

Type 3

64
Q

ACTUAL RECEPTOR cells of the taste buds

A

Type 3

65
Q

Are perpendicular to the basal lamina

Stem cell for other types of cells

A

Type 4

Basal cells

66
Q

Enables taste buds to identify specific substances even when mixed

A

Type 4

Basal cells

67
Q

Are masses of lymphoid tissue with the primary function of producing lymphocytes

For immunization

A

Tonsils

68
Q

Tonsils are four in number and forms a protective

A

Ring of waldeyer

69
Q

Ovoid bilateral structures situated in the pharyngeal folds

A

2 palatine or FAUCIAL tonsils

70
Q

Found at the base of the tongue

Posterior to the circumvallate

A

Lingual tonsils

71
Q

Located on the median surface of the dorsal wall of the nasopharynx

A

Pharyngeal tonsils

72
Q

Faucial tonsils

A

Palatine tonsils

73
Q

Adenoids

A

Pharyngeal tonsils

74
Q

Extrinsic glands

A

Major salivary glands

75
Q

Intrinsic glands

A

Minor salivary glands

76
Q

Gland which has INTERMITTENT SECRETIONS

A

Major salivary glands

77
Q

3 Major salivary glands

A

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

78
Q

Biggest among the MAJOR

Found in cheek

A

Parotid

79
Q

Posterior part
Bigger than sublingual and lower
Aka submandibular caruncle

A

Submandibular gland

80
Q

MAJOR:
Anterior part
Located at the base of the tongue

A

Sublingual

81
Q

Opening of:

Parotid:
Submandibular:
Sublingual:

A

Stensens duct
Whartons duct
Bartholins duct

82
Q

Glands which discharge their secretions continuously

A

Minor salivary gland

83
Q

Minor salivary glands

[LPS AVG]

A 
Labial gland
Small buccal gland
Palatine gland
Ant and post lingual gland
Von ebners gland
Glossopalatine gland
84
Q

General functions of teeth

A 
Mastication
Shaping of face
Speech
Protective
Prehensile
85
Q

Reduction of food material by cutting, tearing, crushing, and grinding foods

A

Mastication

86
Q

Shaping of face for..

A

Aesthetics
Stability of dental arches or TMJ
Maintains vertical relationship of mandible and maxilla

87
Q

Teeth aids in proper production of sound

A

Speech

88
Q

Teeth are used for self defense

A

Protective

89
Q

Teeth are used for grasping or seizing foods

A

Prehensile

90
Q

One set of teeth

A

Monophyodont

91
Q

Two sets of dentition

A

Diphyodont

92
Q

Several sets of dentition

A

Polyphyodont

93
Q

Consists of 20 teeth
Last for a limited time
Possess weaker investing tissues

A

Temporary or PRIMARY

94
Q

Composed of 32 teeth

A

Permanent dentition

95
Q

Human teeth are grouped accdg to size shape form and function

A

Heterodont dentition

96
Q

Human dentition.

A

Diphyodont

Heterodont dentition

97
Q

Heterodont dentition

A

Incisors
Canines
Premolars
Molars

98
Q

Incise or cut foods

A

Incisors

99
Q

Tearing

Bec of pointed cusp

A

Canines

100
Q

Possess rough and wide occlusal surfaces

A

Premolars and molars

101
Q

Hard tissue that lines the root

A

Cementum

102
Q

Sensory

Center of the tooth

A

Pulp

103
Q

Hard tissue that lines the pulp

A

Dentin

104
Q

Hardest dental tissue

A

Enamel

105
Q

Shock absorber

A

PDL

106
Q

Hard tissue that covers the root

A

Gingiva

107
Q

Teeth is divided into

A

Crown and root

108
Q

Between crown and root

A

Neck or cervix

109
Q

Part of tooth covered with enamel

CERVIX

A

Anatomical Crown

110
Q

Part if tooth exposed to oral fluids

A

Clinical or functional crown

111
Q

Part of tooth covered with CEMENTUM

Cervix

A

Anatomical root

112
Q

Part of root implanted and surrounded by periodontium

A

Clinical root

113
Q

Clinical crown < Anatomical crown

A

Young adults

114
Q

Clinical > Anatomical

A

In adults

115
Q

Dental tissues consists of:

A

Tooth tissue proper

Supporting and investing tissue / Periodontium

116
Q

Hard tissues

A

Enamel
Dentin
Cementum

117
Q

Soft tissue in tooth tissue proper

A

Pulp

118
Q

Periodontium

A

Gingiva
Pdl
Alveolar process
Cementum

119
Q

Hardest calcified tissue covering anatomical crowns

A

Enamel

120
Q

Inorganic composition of enamel

A

96%-98%

121
Q

Main bulk of the tooth underneath enamel and cementum

A

Dentin

122
Q

Inorg composition of Dentin

A

65%-70%

123
Q

Calcified tissue that covers the anatomical root

45%-50%

A

Cementum

124
Q

Soft connective tissue found at the center of the tooth

A

Pulp

125
Q

Part of maxilla and mandible that forms the alveolar socket where roots of teeth are embedded

A

Alveolar bone

126
Q

Firm oral mucosa around neck of teeth

A

Gingiva

127
Q

Fibrous connective tissue found in between the roots of the teeth and alveolar bone

A

Pdl

128
Q

Functions of paraoral tissues

IMDT DSRP

A

Ingestion
Mastication
Deglutition
Taste

Digestion
Speech
Respiration
Protection

129
Q

Is the engulfing or taking of foods with the help of the lips and teeth in particular

A

Ingestion

130
Q

Process of biting cutting grinding of foods by the teeth with the aid of LIPS CHEEKS TONGUE PALATE

A

Mastication

131
Q

Paraoral tissues involved in Ingestion

A

Lips

Teeth

132
Q

Paraoral tissues involved in mastication

A 
Teeth
Lips
Cheeks
Tongue
Palate
133
Q

Is the act of swallowing foods that has been processed in the oral cavity

A

Deglutition

134
Q

Dorsum of tongue possess lingual papillae

A

Taste

135
Q

digestion of food that involves MASTICATION and LUBRICATION

A

Physical digestion

136
Q

Involves in preliminary digestion of cho thru action of PTYALIN or SALIVARY AMYLASE

A

chemical digestion

137
Q

Paraoral tissues involved in DIGESTION

A

Cheeks
Tongue
Palate
Salivary glands

138
Q

Paraoral tissues involved in SPEECH

A

Lips
Cheeks
Tongue
Hard and soft palate

139
Q

2 grps involved in forming consonants

A

Static

Dynamic

140
Q

Immovable

A

Static

141
Q

Movable

A

Dynamic

142
Q

Static:

A

Teeth

Hard palate

143
Q

Dynamic:

A

Lips
Cheeks
Tongue
Soft palate

144
Q

Consonants are divided into 4 types

A

Labial
Dental
Palatal
Guttural

145
Q

Involves the lips

A

Labial consonants

146
Q

Teeth and tip of the tongue are involved

A

Dental consonants

147
Q

Apex and dorsum of the tongue touches the palate

A

Palatal consonants

148
Q

The base of the tongue elevates touching the soft palate

A

Guttural consonants

149
Q

The oral cavity is a necessary adjunct to the respiratory system
In cases of nasal congestion, air could be inhaled by mouth

A

Respiration

150
Q

Performed by tonsillar ring of waldeyer

Includes phagocytoc activity of macrophages

A

Protection

151
Q

Types of labial consonants

A

Bilabial
Labio dental
Labio guttural

152
Q

Bilabial consonants

A

B
M
P

153
Q

Labio dental

A

F

V

154
Q

Labio guttural

A

Wh

155
Q

Dental consonants

A 
Th
D
T
S
Z
Sh
156
Q

Palatal consonants

A

R
Y
L

157
Q

Guttural consonants

A

G

ORAL HISTO (11 decks)

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