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Science > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

Who questioned Aristotle’s idea? What was his idea? How did he prove this?

A

Galileo. Everything falls at the same rate. He dropped two cannonballs with different masses and dropped them at the same time. They landed at the same time.

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1
Q

What did Aristotle believe?

A

That an object falls depends on an objects mass. The more mass the faster it fell.

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2
Q

Why do objects fall to the ground at the same rate?

A

Because the acceleration due to gravity is the same for all objects.

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3
Q

Where is the force of gravity greater? Least?

A

Earth and an object with a large mass. Earth and an object with a smaller mass.

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4
Q

How fast do all objects accelerate toward Earth.

A

9.8m/s/s

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5
Q

Why do objects with different masses land at different times with Galileo’s theory?

A

Air resistance or fluid friction.

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6
Q

What dose air resistance depend on?

A

Size and shape

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7
Q

The force of gravity as the force of air resistance .

A

Pulls the object downward. Pushes it upward

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8
Q

As long as the net force on a falling object isn’t the object accelerates downward.

A

Zero

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9
Q

Define terminal velocity

A

When an object falls at a constant velocity

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10
Q

Give an example where terminal velocity is good

A

Hailstones would fall at 350m/s

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11
Q

When dose free fall occur

A

When there is no air resistance

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12
Q

Weight is a measure of what.

A

Gravity

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13
Q

Force depends on what

A

Mass of object and the distance between them.

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14
Q

When is an object said to be orbiting when.

A

When it is traveling in a circular or nearly circular path around another object

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15
Q

As the space ship orbits what two directions dose a plans go to orbit earth

A

Free fall and forward

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16
Q

Why do astronauts hit their head on the ceiling of the falling shuttle

A

Their are always in free fall too.

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17
Q

Any object in a circular object is always what.

A

Changing direction

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18
Q

What is the unbalanced force that causes objects to move in a circular motion

A

Centripetal force.

19
Q

What does centripetal mean

A

Toward the center

20
Q

What dose projectile mean

A

The curved path an object follows when thrown or propelled near the the surface of the earth

21
Q

What are the two components of projectile motion. Are the two components independent or dependent. Why

A

Horizontal and vertical. Independent because they have no effect on each other.

22
Q

What is horizontal motion mean

A

The motion that is parallel to the ground.

23
Q

The horizontal velocity of the ball is after the ball leaves your hand.

A

Constant

24
Q

What is vertical motion

A

Motion that is perpendicular to the ground.

25
Q

What way does objects accelerate in projectile motion.

A

Downward.

26
Q

Gravity pulls objects in projectile motion down with an acceleration of what.

A

9.8m/s/s

27
Q

In 1686 sir Isaac Newton publish what book?

A

Principia

28
Q

What is Newton’s first law of motion?

A

An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion at a constant speed and in a straight line unless Acted on by an unbalanced force.

29
Q

When is an object considered at rest

A

When there not moving

30
Q

The second part of Newton’s first law explains what.

A

That an object moving at a certain velocity will continue to move forever at the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by a unbalanced force.

31
Q

What is the unbalanced force acting on objects being pushed for example a desk being pushed across a floor.

A

Friction

32
Q

What is inertia

A

The tendency of all objects at resist any change in motion.

33
Q

An object with a small mass has inertia than objects with a larger mass

A

Less

34
Q

What is Newton’s second law of motion.

A

The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied.

35
Q

An objects acceleration decreases as it’s mass .

A

Increases

36
Q

An objects acceleration increases as it’s force .

A

Increases

37
Q

Equation for Newton’s second law.

A

F=MxA

38
Q

Newton’s third law of motion.

A

Whenever one object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first.

39
Q

If a force is exerted another force occurs that is equal in and opposite in .

A

Size direction

40
Q

When do action and reaction forces occur.

A

When there is no motion

41
Q

The action and reaction force is on or not on the same object.

A

Not on

42
Q

What is gravities action and reaction force on a ball.

A

Ball action force is to the ground. The reaction force is that the ground is being pulled toward the ball

43
Q

Why does it take longer for a large truck to stop than a small truck if they have the same velocity.

A

Momentum

44
Q

What is momentum

A

The property of a moving object that depends on the objects mass and velocity.

45
Q

When a moving object hits another object what happens.

A

It’s transferred to the other object

46
Q

What is the law of conservation of momentum.

A

Any time two or more objects interact they exchange momentum but the total amount of momentum stays the same.

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