Chapter 2 & 3 Quiz Flashcards
What is hydrogen bonding?
Hydrogen bonding is an intermolecular force that emerges from the polarity of water molecules.
What are the properties of water?
- cohesion
- adhesion
- high surface tension
- high specific heat
- evaporative cooling
What is cohesion?
Cohesion is the tendency of water molecules to stick to each other.
What is adhesion?
Adhesion is the tendency of water molecules to stick to other substances
What is polarity?
The partial positive charge and negative charge that a bond/molecule has when electrons are unequally shared between 2 or more atoms.
What is specific heat?
The amount of thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance by 1 degree.
Water has a high specific heat
What is surface tension?
The tension of the surface of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer.
What is evaporative cooling?
Evaporated cooling is how animals keep cold during high temperatures. Evaporating water molecules pull other water molecules up with them with cohesion and take the heat with them, leaving us cooler.
How does water’s high specific heat help life?
Because water has such a high specific heat, it can absorb a lot of heat without evaporating (which is useful in hot climates) and it releases the heat when it gets cooler. This way water helps temperatures stay at an equilibrium.
What are the most common functional groups found in biological molecules?
Hydroxyl, methyl, carboxyl, sulfhydryl, amino, and phosphate.
I have a nitrogen atom. I pick up positive hydrogen atoms from a solution, which means I act as a base. I help form, along with carboxyl, the amino acids.
What group am I?
Group name: Amino
Amine formula
NH2
Are amines polar?
Yes
Are amines hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
Hydrophilic
I am a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom. I help form alcohols. What am I?
Hydroxyl