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AP Biology > Chapter 2&3 Chemistry of Life > Flashcards

Chapter 2&3 Chemistry of Life Flashcards

0
Q

What are the four main naturally occurring elements in the human body?

A

Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen

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1
Q

What is an atom?

A

The smallest unit of matter that retains properties of an element

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2
Q

Water is a polar molecule because of the presence of?

A

Polar covalent bonds

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3
Q

What are the properties of Water?

A

Cohesion/Adhesion, High specific heat, Evaporative cooling, near Universal solvent, Expansion upon freezing, and Surface tension.

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4
Q

What do acids do to H+ concentration?

A

Increase

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5
Q

What do bases do to H+ concentration?

A

Decrease

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6
Q

What are buffers?

A

Substances that minimizes changes in the concentrations of H+ and OH- in a solution.

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7
Q

Give an example of a buffer.

A

Carbonic acid/ H2CO3

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8
Q

What is acid precipitation?

A

Precipitation with a lower pH than 5.2

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9
Q

How does pH move in relation to H+ concentration?

A

As pH declines, H+ concentrations increases.

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10
Q

What would the Hydrogen concentration be if the pH was 10?

A

10^-10

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11
Q

What times difference is there in the pH scale per number?

A

X10

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12
Q

What are the three parts of an atom?

A

Protons, neutron, and electrons.

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13
Q

An atom has an atomic number of 8, how many protons do it have?

A

8

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14
Q

What is the difference between neutrality and stability?

A

Neutrality is the charge of the Atom. Stability is when an atom is valence and does not requires more electrons.

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15
Q

What is an isotope?

A

An atom with the same atomic number but different atomic mass.

16
Q

Does covalent bonds share electrons?

A

Yes.

17
Q

Does ionic bonds give electrons and take electrons?

A

Yes.

18
Q

What is electronegativity?

A

The level of attraction an atom have on an electron.

19
Q

1 Kcal is how many calories

A

1000

20
Q

What temperature does expansion upon freezing occur?

A

4 degrees celsius.

AP Biology (6 decks)

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