Chapter 2 & 3 Flashcards
Which of these is TRUE about the United States Constitution?
A) It centralizes political power.
B) It is superseded only by decrees of the president.
C) It sets neutral rules for the game of politics.
D) All of these are true.
E) None of these are true
Answer: E Page Ref: 35-36
In setting the broad rules of the game of politics, constitutions A) are never neutral; they give some participants advantages over others. B) are fair and impartial. C) allow all participants the same political opportunities. D) have no effect on the distribution of power in society. E) are constantly changing.
Answer: A Page Ref: 32
By eighteenth-century standards, life was ________ for most people in the United States at the time of the Revolution.
A) hell both politically and economically
B) politically oppressive
C) ideal
D) not bad
E) an economic nightmare
Answer: D
Page Ref: 32
The British government stepped up its controls over the American colonies with new taxes
and stronger commerce regulations right after
A) King Phillipʹs War.
B) the assassination of the Duke of Windsor.
C) King Georgeʹs War.
D) the Civil War.
E) the French and Indian War.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 32
During the colonial period,
A) Americans experienced less freedom than citizens of most European nations.
B) Britain was involved in nearly every aspect of American politics.
C) Americans were burdened with cumbersome feudal and hierarchical restraints.
D) Americans suffered one of the lowest standards of living in the world.
E) the King and Parliament generally confined themselves to governing the coloniesʹ
foreign and trade policies.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 32
The British levied new taxes on its North American colonies in the eighteenth century in order
to pay for
A) maintaining the elegant lifestyle of the British royalty.
B) conquest of territories in Africa and Asia.
C) defending new territories obtained after the French and Indian War.
D) tax cuts and social welfare programs for residents of the British Isles.
E) the rising cost of tea.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 32
Who issued the Declaration of Independence?
A) the Constitutional Convention of 1776
B) the Continental Congress
C) President George Washington
D) the 13 colonial legislatures
E) General George Washington
Answer: B
Page Ref: 33
The Declaration of Independence was a
A) valid legal document under British law.
B) bitter attack against the British king for abuses said to have been done to the colonists
over a long period of time.
C) proclamation from King George III granting the American colonists the right to form
their own nation.
D) thoughtful, cautious explanation of why independence might be a good idea if certain
demands were not met.
E) last effort by the American colonists to get back on good terms with England, while only
threatening independence.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 33
The Declaration of Independence was primarily
A) a treaty with France for war against Britain.
B) an original philosophical treatise on politics.
C) an outline for a new government.
D) a polemic, announcing and justifying a revolution.
E) the United Statesʹ first constitution.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 34
The primary author of the Declaration of Independence was
A) Thomas Jefferson.
B) Benjamin Franklin.
C) James Madison.
D) King George III.
E) George Washington.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 33
The Declaration of Independence
A) contained completely new ideas on political philosophy.
B) became one of the most important statements of American political philosophy.
C) took several months to write.
D) blamed the British parliament for abuses on the colonies.
E) all of the above
Answer: B
Page Ref: 33
The American Revolution was based upon the ideas of
A) intellectual slaves.
B) intellectual frontiersmen.
C) George Washington.
D) European political thinkers.
E) American farmers.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 35-36
The foundation of John Lockeʹs philosophy was that human beings
A) derive their rights from nature.
B) have rights that are granted them by government.
C) determine their own rights.
D) derive their rights from God.
E) are granted their rights by their King.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 34-35
Which of these was NOT among John Lockeʹs key philosophical concepts?
A) checks and balances
B) limited government
C) natural rights
D) consent of the governed
E) property rights
Answer: A
Page Ref: 34-35
John Lockeʹs ideas on natural rights were related to human law in that
A) natural rights were less important than human law.
B) natural rights were considered higher than human law.
C) human law was the source of natural rights.
D) human law protected property rights, making human law equal to natural rights.
E) human law and natural rights were unimportant after revolution.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 34-35
John Locke believed in each of the following EXCEPT
A) limited government.
B) consent of the governed.
C) natural rights.
D) divine right of kings.
E) both C and D
Answer: D
Page Ref: 34-35
The Declaration of Independence argued that
A) nations are indivisible and a people must never secede from their mother nation.
B) people should revolt when they suffer deep injustices.
C) the British parliament was to blame for the evils imposed upon the colonists.
D) people should always work peacefully within the system to redress any grievances they
have.
E) revolution is justifiable whenever people become angry with their government.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 35-36
Reflecting the natural rights philosophy, the Declaration of Independence stated that
governments derive their just powers from
A) God.
B) the consent of the governed.
C) tradition.
D) their elected leaders.
E) a Constitution.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 35-36
The justification for separation from England in the Declaration of Independence was based
heavily on the ideas of the English philosopher
A) Lord North.
B) Henry VIII.
C) Oliver Cromwell.
D) David Hume.
E) John Locke.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 35-36
The sole purpose of government, according to John Locke, was to
A) promote the common good.
B) prevent anarchy.
C) educate its people.
D) protect individuals from violence.
E) protect natural rights.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 34-35
John Locke believed that the ʺend of governmentʺ was
A) preservation of property.
B) majority rule.
C) equality of man.
D) pursuit of happiness.
E) ʺthe beginning of life.ʺ
Answer: A
Page Ref: 34-35
In John Lockeʹs philosophy, the requirements that standing laws be known and private
property be preserved
A) are always threatened by democratic government.
B) impose two major limits on government.
C) are unenforceable when government is limited.
D) must be sacrificed in the interest of democracy.
E) could only be enforced by a powerful king
Answer: B
Page Ref: 34-35
Lockean thought and the Declaration of Independence are similar in that both
A) recognize the right of the people to determine their own form of government, short of
resorting to revolution.
B) were developed in the late 1700s.
C) value the preservation of private property.
D) seek common ideals in government through the establishment of a constitutional
monarchy.
E) support the concept of natural rights and the idea that government be built on the consent of the governed.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 36
Thomas Jeffersonʹs phrase ʺlife, liberty, and the pursuit of happinessʺ was a modification of
John Lockeʹs phrase ʺLife, liberty, and ________.ʺ
A) property
B) God
C) heaven
D) health
E) equality
Answer: A
Page Ref: 36
The American Revolution
A) was heavily influenced by the earlier successes of the French Revolution.
B) strongly reflected the widespread class conflict that would eventually lead to deadly
riots for two generations.
C) was very similar to the French, Russian, and Iranian Revolutions.
D) was a radical social movement that drastically altered the colonistsʹ way of life.
E) was an essentially conservative movement that did not drastically alter the colonistsʹ way
of life.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 37
The primary goal of the American Revolution was
A) to gain control over the coloniesʹ trade with foreign nations.
B) to cut taxes.
C) to win the right to print paper money that could be used to pay off debts.
D) to restore the colonistsʹ rights as British subjects.
E) to gain control of the western frontier.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 37
The American Revolution was different from the French, Russian, and Iranian revolutions in
that
A) it was much bloodier.
B) it was much shorter.
C) it did not result in a change of government.
D) it produced little societal change.
E) It was different in all these ways.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 37
The Articles of Confederation were adopted by
A) the Continental Congress.
B) President George Washington.
C) a small, self-appointed committee of the nationʹs political leaders.
D) the British Parliament.
E) the Continental Army under command of General George Washington.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 37
Beginning in 1781, the United States was governed under the
A) Articles of Confederation.
B) Mayflower Compact.
C) Basic Law of 1781.
D) British Constitution.
E) current United States Constitution.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 37
The primary goal of the American Revolution was to
A) establish a new political system.
B) restore rights the colonists felt were already theirs as British subjects.
C) create a new economic order.
D) institutionalize new social values based on equality.
E) establish property rights.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 37
The American Revolution
A) did not drastically alter the colonistsʹ way of life.
B) produced great societal change.
C) was won quickly and decisively by the superior American troops.
D) created class conflicts that split society.
E) was fought between a large army of colonials and a small British army.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 37
Under the Articles of Confederation, most power rested with the
A) the British Parliament.
B) president.
C) United States Senate.
D) state legislatures.
E) Continental Congress.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 37
Which of the following is FALSE about the United States government under the Articles of
Confederation?
A) Each state had only one vote in Congress.
B) Most authority rested with the United States Congress rather than the state governments.
C) The Congress had only one house.
D) There was no president.
E) All of these are false.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 37
Which of the following was NOT a problem with the national government under the Articles
of Confederation?
A) the threat of some of the Continental Army to establish George Washington as king
B) the lack of power given to state legislatures
C) the lack of an executive to lead the nation
D) the inability of the central national government to regulate foreign trade or regulate the
national economy
E) the unwillingness of the states to send money requisitioned by the central national
government
Answer: B
Page Ref: 37-39
After the Revolution, power in the state legislatures shifted
A) from merchants to lawyers.
B) from the poor to the wealthy.
C) from radicals to conservatives.
D) from the wealthy to those with more moderate incomes.
E) from the upper to the lower chambers.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 38-39
The United States government under the Articles of Confederation can best be described as
A) weak and ineffective.
B) overly prone to intervention in foreign affairs.
C) overly bureaucratic.
D) dictatorial.
E) a personal tool of George Washington.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 38
Which of the following was NOT a source of revenue for the United States government under
the Articles of Confederation?
A) taxes levied by the Continental Congress
B) printing its own money
C) selling off western lands
D) state governments
E) All of the above were revenue sources.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 38
Which of the following was NOT a problem with the national government under the Articles
of Confederation?
A) the unwillingness of the states to send money requisitioned by the central national
government
B) the lack of an executive to lead the nation
C) the lack of power given to state legislatures
D) the inability of the central national government to regulate foreign trade or regulate the
national economy
E) None of these were problems at the time.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 37-38
Under the Articles of Confederation most governmental power rested in
A) the state governments.
B) the national government.
C) the president.
D) the Congress.
E) all of the above
Answer: A
Page Ref: 37-38
After the Revolution, a major power shift occurred in the states from ________ to ________.
A) the broad middle class; a handful of wealthy individuals
B) countryside; city
C) city; countryside
D) the east coast; the western interior
E) wealthy individuals; broad middle class
Answer: E
Page Ref: 38-39
After the American Revolution, state legislatures were composed of
A) significantly more middle-class representatives and fewer wealthy members compared
to before the war.
B) revolutionary war militiamen.
C) about the same ratio of wealthy members and not so wealthy members as before the war.
D) significantly more landless laborers and poor farmers than any other group.
E) a higher percentage of wealthy planters, lawyers, and merchants than ever before.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 38-39
Right after the Revolutionary War, a dramatic change swept through the new country
resulting in
A) a dramatic increase in democracy and freedom.
B) a population shift from the cities to the country.
C) a population shift from country to city.
D) an explosion in prosperity.
E) full-scale industrialization.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 38
Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress had the power to
A) levy taxes.
B) overturn state laws.
C) regulate commerce.
D) maintain an army and navy.
E) all of the above
Answer: D
Page Ref: 38
Which of the following was NOT occurring in the states during the time of the Articles of
Confederation?
A) abolishment of religious qualifications for holding office
B) adoption of bills of rights
C) upper-class dominance
D) expanded political participation
E) all of the above
Answer: C
Page Ref: 38-39
Under the Articles of Confederation, power in the states began to shift to the hands of
A) merchants and lawyers.
B) middle-class farmers and craft workers.
C) governors.
D) low-income landowners.
E) new industrialists
Answer: B
Page Ref: 38-39
In post-Revolutionary America, state governors were often selected by
A) judges.
B) the president.
C) heredity.
D) the people directly.
E) state legislatures.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 38
At the end of the Revolutionary War,
A) captured British troops were herded into large prison camps where they served life
sentences for their treachery.
B) a strong, new national government began immediately to keep the economy running
smoothly with careful regulation.
C) a postwar depression severely hurt small farmers and many others.
D) the condition of the economy was largely the same as it had been before the war.
E) a period of tremendous economic prosperity began.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 39
A small band of farmers in western Massachusetts took up arms in what is remembered as
A) the Farmersʹ Revolt.
B) King Georgeʹs War.
C) the Boston Tea Party.
D) the Whiskey Rebellion.
E) Shaysʹ Rebellion.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 39
After the Revolution, James Madison observed that ʺthe most common and durable source of
faction has been
A) urban and rural divisions.ʺ
B) the various and unequal divisions of property.ʺ
C) aristocracy.ʺ
D) the British army.ʺ
E) racial inequalities.ʺ
Answer: B
Page Ref: 39
At the top of the political agenda during the period of the Articles of Confederation was
A) economic issues.
B) social-equality issues.
C) military issues.
D) voting rights issues.
E) slavery.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 39
Among the factors that contributed to economic turmoil under the Articles of Confederation
was the
A) postwar depression that left many small farmers unable to pay their debts and
threatened mortgage foreclosures.
B) decreasing economic viability of slavery.
C) power shift from middle-class farmers to wealthy landowners.
D) state legislatures that favored creditors and created more debt.
E) All of these factors contributed to the economic turmoil.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 39
In the 1950s and 1960s, the proclamation of statesʹ rights was usually made by those opposing the national governmentʹs efforts in the area of
A) the Vietnam War. B) abortion rights.
C) civil rights for African Americans. D) the interstate highway system.
E) the Korean War.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 78
The Constitution requires that states give ________ to the public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings of every other state.
A) privileges and immunities B) due process
C) full faith and credit D) some consideration
E) extradition
Answer: C
Page Ref: 79
Contracts between business firms can be enforced across state boundaries as part of the constitutional provision of
A) interstate compacts.
B) privileges and immunities.
C) implied powers of the states. D) extradition.
E) full faith and credit.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 79
A marriage license issued in one state is valid and honored in all states under the constitutional provision of
A) separation of powers. B) full faith and credit.
C) national supremacy. D) national licensure.
E) privileges and immunities.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 79-80
The fact that a driverʹs license from one state is valid in other states is an example of A) privileges and immunities.
B) extradition.
C) implied powers.
D) full faith and credit.
E) unmandated reciprocity.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 79
The constitutional requirement that the states return a person charged with a crime in another state to that state for trial or imprisonment is known as
A) forfeiture. B) extradition.
C) privileges and immunities. D) full faith and credit.
E) the elastic clause.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 80
One recently controversial application of the ʺfull faith and creditʺ provision of the Constitution is for
A) extradition.
B) birth certificates.
C) same gender marriages. D) bigamy.
E) abortion
Answer: C
Page Ref: 79-80
Extradition is the requirement that states
A) provide sanctuary for federal criminals.
B) cannot discriminate against citizens of other states.
C) recognize each others public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings.
D) must return a person charged with a crime in another state to that state for trial or imprisonment.
E) enforce federal law within their state.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 80
n ________ federalism, the powers and policy assignments of the different levels of government are distinct, like a layer cake.
A) fiscal B) dual
C) tripartite D) cooperative
E) anti-
Answer: B
Page Ref: 81
The national government has exclusive control over foreign and military policy, the postal system, and monetary policy, while the states have exclusive control over other specific areas. This division of responsibilities reflects
A) dual federalism.
B) divided government.
C) tripartite federalism. D) cooperative federalism.
E) fiscal federalism.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 81
In Saenz v. Roe, the Supreme Court ruled that
A) California was required to recognize the legality of same sex marriages.
B) California could not require a new resident to wait one year before being eligible for welfare benefits.
C) California could withhold educational benefits from children of illegal immigrants.
D) California was required to offer bilingual education programs in the public elementary schools.
E) California could not provide welfare benefits to illegal immigrants.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 81
A tuition difference between in-state and out-of-state students is an example of A) dual federalism.
B) federal exceptions to the full faith and credit provision.
C) full faith and credit being extended to all students.
D) how states make exceptions to the privileges and immunities clause.
E) project grants to the states.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 80
If the allocation of power in a cooperative federal system were compared to a cake it would be most like
A) a layer cake with two distinct layers. B) a single-layer cake.
C) a cake walk: who gets what is random. D) fifty marbled cupcakes.
E) a layer cake with many layers.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 81
Over time, there has been a gradual change from a dual federalism to a(n) ________ federalism.
A) unitary B) single
C) tripartite D) cooperative
E) fiscal
Answer: D
Page Ref: 81
In ________ federalism, the powers and policy assignments of different levels of government are like a marble cake, with mingled responsibilities and blurred distinctions between layers of government.
A) fiscal B) mixed
C) dual
D) cooperative
E) tripartite
Answer: D
Page Ref: 81
In dual federalism,
A) the state governments assume greater fiscal responsibility.
B) there are only two branches of government.
C) the federal government assumes greater fiscal responsibility. D) powers are shared between states and the federal government.
E) states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 81
In cooperative federalism,
A) states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres.
B) responsibilities are mingled and distinctions are blurred between the levels of government.
C) powers and policy assignments of the layers of government are distinct.
D) states are supreme over the national government.
E) both A and B
Answer: B
Page Ref: 81
Since the ratification of the Constitution, American federalism has gradually changed from A) cooperative to dual federalism.
B) state domination to national domination. C) dual to cooperative federalism.
D) a unitary to a federal system.
E) a federal system to a unitary one.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 81
Which of the following statements about federalism is false?
A) In cooperative federalism, sometimes even blame is shared when programs do not work well.
B) The American system has always been neatly separated into purely state and purely national responsibilities.
C) In cooperative federalism, policy assignments are shared between states and the national government.
D) Cooperative federalism today rests on several standard operating procedures.
E) None; all are true.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 81
Federal support for public education is an example of a A) pragmatic federalism.
B) dual federalism.
C) cooperative federalism. D) layer cake federalism.
E) separation of powers
Answer: C
Page Ref: 81-82; 83
Funding for the interstate highway system is an example of A) dual federalism.
B) cooperative federalism.
C) tripartite federalism.
D) a unitary system of government.
E) national federalism
Answer: B
Page Ref: 82
The National Defense Education Act, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, and the Interstate Highway System are all examples of
A) dual federalism.
B) cooperative federalism.
C) triangulation.
D) layer cake federalism.
E) unitary federalism
Answer: B
Page Ref: 82
Which of the following is NOT a standard operating procedure of cooperative federalism today?
A) distinctly separated powers of state and national governments B) federal grants-in-aid
C) shared administration of programs D) shared financing of government
E) federal guidelines imposed on states
Answer: A
Page Ref: 82
Which of the following does NOT characterize the standard operating procedure of cooperative federalism today?
A) federal guidelines B) grants-in-aid
C) shared costs
D) separate and distinct roles for the national and state governments
E) shared administration
Answer: D
Page Ref: 82
Standard operating procedures in cooperative federalism include each of the following EXCEPT
A) shared administration. B) shared costs.
C) federal funding with no strings attached. D) federal guidelines.
E) categorical and block grants.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 82
In cooperative federalism, in order to qualify for federal grant money, cities and states must A) match federal funding dollar for dollar.
B) propose standard operating procedures.
C) allow federal agencies to administer the funds.
D) follow federal guidelines for adopting and enforcing federal laws.
E) all of the above
Answer: D
Page Ref: 81
Federal regulation of state governments is usually accomplished through A) United States Supreme Court decisions.
B) presidential decrees.
C) attaching conditions to grants it gives them. D) federalization of a stateʹs national guard.
E) direct, executive orders.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 85-86
About ________ of the funds state and local governments spend comes from the federal government.
A) 33 percent B) 25 percent C) 50 percent D) 75 percent E) 90 percent
Answer: B
Page Ref: 85-86
81) Federal aid to state and local governments accounts for how much of federal spending? A) 33 percent
B) 50 percent C) 2 percent D) 18 percent
E) 75 percent
Answer: D
Page Ref: 83
The main instrument the national government uses to influence state governments is A) grants-in-aid.
B) mandates.
C) judicial review.
D) the Tenth Amendment.
E) presidential decrees.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 85
Fiscal federalism is
A) the pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system.
B) the distinct separation of national government spending versus state and local government spending.
C) the federal governmentʹs regulation of the money supply and interest rates.
D) the federal income tax.
E) a sharing of local and national resources practiced in other countries but not in the United States.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 85
The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system is called A) economic federalism.
B) dual federalism.
C) cooperative federalism. D) fiscal federalism.
E) monetary federalism.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 85
The main instrument the national government uses for both aiding and influencing states and localities is
A) judicial decisions. B) politics.
C) grants-in-aid. D) mandates.
E) revenue sharing.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 85
Of all the funds spent by state and local governments, federal aid accounts for about A) two-thirds.
B) one-half.
C) one-fourth. D) three percent.
E) one-third.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 85-86
The principal type of federal aid for states and localities is A) categorical grants.
B) disaster loans. C) revenue sharing. D) block grants.
E) urban renewal grants.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 86
Which of the following is NOT true about categorical grants?
A) The federal government is less likely to apply conditions to these grants today than in the 1970s.
B) There are several hundred specific purposes or categories for which these grants can be used.
C) Virtually every one is enshrouded in rules and regulations for its use.
D) A project grant is the most typical type of categorical grant.
E) Categorical grants are monies that can be spent in broad categories of functions.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 86
The main type of federal aid to state and local governments is in the form of A) block grants.
B) formula grants. C) categorical grants. D) project grants
E) revenue sharing.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 86
The requirement of a drinking age provision before states can receive federal highway aid is an example of
A) a string attached to categorical grants.
B) an important element of the ʺformulaʺ used to calculate formula grants.
C) a project grant supported by the interest groups. D) the efforts of state agencies to get federal funds.
E) an unfunded mandate.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 86
The most common type of categorical grant is A) block grants.
B) a rescission fund. C) project grants. D) disaster relief.
E) revenue sharing.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 87
A project grant is
A) money awarded for public housing in urban areas of the nation.
B) awarded more or less automatically to states or communities.
C) awarded on the basis of competitive application.
D) restricted to construction projects.
E) distributed on the basis of population, per capita income, percentage of rural population, or some other factor.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 87
Programs such as Medicaid and Aid for Families with Dependent Children, where applicants automatically qualify for aid if they meet the requirements, are examples of
A) dual federalism. B) project grants.
C) formula grants. D) block grants.
E) welfare.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 87
In contrast to the Democratic Congress of recent decades, the new Republican majority in Congress is passing more federal aid in the form of
A) revenue sharing. B) categorical grants.
C) block grants. D) tax credits.
E) tax expenditures.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 87
The fact that the former Republican majority in Congress prefers block grants to categorical grants indicates that
A) they want to increase federal aid to state governments.
B) they want federal money to be spent at the neighborhood level rather than the state level.
C) they want to decrease federal aid to state governments.
D) they want the federal government to exercise less authority over the states.
E) they intend to raise more money from state governments to reduce the federal budget deficit.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 87
In response to complaints from state and local governments about the paperwork and requirements attached to most grants, Congress has established ________ to support programs in areas like community development and social services.
A) formula grants B) block grants
C) project grants
D) categorical grants
E) computerized grant applications
Answer: B
Page Ref: 87
On the whole, federal grant distribution follows the principle of A) universalism.
B) stinginess.
C) cronyism.
D) to the victors go the spoils.
E) needs-testing.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 88
Project grants
A) have no strings attached.
B) are awarded on the basis of competitive applications. C) are distributed according to a specific formula.
D) are automatically given to states and communities.
E) all of the above
Answer: B
Page Ref: 87
Grants for specific programs distributed according to community demographic factors, such as population or income, are
A) formula grants. B) categorical grants.
C) revenue sharing grants. D) project grants.
E) block grants.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 87
Medicaid and Aid for Families with Dependent Children are examples of A) categorical grants.
B) formula grants. C) project grants. D) state grants.
E) block grants.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 87
Grants that are given more or less automatically to states or communities, which have discretion in deciding how to spend the money are called
A) project grants.
B) discretionary grants.
C) formula grants. D) categorical grants.
E) block grants.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 87
A broad program for community development would most likely be supported through a(n) A) formula grant.
B) enterprise zone. C) project grant.
D) categorical grant.
E) block grant.
Answer: E
Page Ref: 87
Which of the following statements about federal block grants is FALSE?
A) Block grants were created to lessen the paperwork and strings attached to many
grants-in-aid.
B) Congress has established an unlimited number of block grants to support narrowly
defined programs.
C) The Republican Congress is increasing block grants.
D) States have discretion in deciding how to spend block grant money.
E) They provide the states more flexibility in spending.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 87
The largest percentage of federal grants to states and localities is in the area of A) defense.
B) health.
C) transportation. D) education.
E) homeland security.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 86
