Chapter 2-3 Flashcards
Glycogen
Form of energy
Glycogenesis
Formation of glycogen from glucose
Glycogenolysis
Breakdown of glycogen to glucose
Saturated fats
Max number of H atoms
Solid at room temp
Unsaturated fats
Not max H atoms
Liquid at room temp
Triglycerides
Broken down by lipolysis
Form fatty acids that are stored in fat cells
Lipolysis
Breakdown of fats and other lipids by hydrolysis
EAA’s
9 total EAA’s
Must be ingested through food
Cannot be synthesized by body
Non EAA’s
Can be synthesized by body
Catabolic
Breaking down of substrate into molecules
Anabolic
Forming of product from molecules
Aerobic
O2 required
Products are ATP+Co2+water
Used at rest during long duration, low intensity activity
Anaerobic
No o2 required
Products are ATP+ co2+lactic acid
Major energy source during high intensity workouts
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
Most important energy molecule in cells
Product of Aerobic and Anaerobic metabolism
Glycolosis
Turns glycogen to pyruvic acid.
Pyruvate
Gives energy to cells in Krebs cycle
NADH
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)
Phosphofructokinase
VERY KEY
Limits lactic acid production
Krebs cycle
Oxidizes substrates and produces some ATP
Carbs fats and proteins can enter
ETC (Electron transport chain)
Produces majority of ATP in aerobic metabolism
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Cori & Lactate Shuttle
Both help synthesize glucose.
Lactate Threshold
Exercise intensity at which blood lactic acid exceeds resting concentration
Production exceeds removal from blood
Untrained:50-60% Max
Trained: 65-80% of Max
O2 debt
Oxygen taken in above resting values after exercise
EPOC
Exercise post oxygen consumption
Respitory Exchange Ratio (RER)
Is the ratio between the volume of CO2 being produced by the body and the amount of O2 being consumed
Active recovery
Performing low intensity exercise following a hard workout
Passive recovery
Stillness and inactivity
