chapter 2 Flashcards
states of matter
the physical forms of matter, which include solid, liquid, and gas
solid
the state of matter in which the volume and shape of a substance are fixed
liquid
the state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape
gas
a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape
viscosity
the resistance of a gas or liquid flow
surface tension
the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and that tends to minimize the area of the surace
temperature
a measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically, a measure of the movement of particles
volume
a measure of the size of a body or region in three-dimensional space
pressure
the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface
Boyle’s law
the law that states that the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of a gas when temperature is constant
Charles’s law
the law that states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas when pressure is constant
change of state
the change of a substance from one physical state to another
melting
the change of state in which a solid becomes a liquid by adding energy
evaporation
the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas
boiling
the conversion of a liquid to a vapor when the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure
