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Government > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

Socialism

A

The government owns part of the means of production ; healthcare, school systems, etc

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1
Q

Anarchy

A

The absence of government

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2
Q

Communism

A

The government controls all means of production

  • no private property
  • no incentive for improvement
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3
Q

Democracy

A

The people run the government

-capitalistic

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4
Q

Monarchy

A

Absolute: king holds complete power
Constitutional: the king and people share power

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5
Q

5 factors of production

A 
Land
Labor
Capital
Entepreneurship
Technology
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6
Q

4 basic economic questions

A

What should be produced?
How much should be produced?
What methods should be used?
How should these goods and services be distributed?

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7
Q

The Magna Carta

A
  • an attempt to limit kings authority
    1. The right to trial by jury
    2. The right to due process of law
    3. No taxation without consent
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8
Q

English common law

A

The practice of judges basing their decisions on previous cases.

  • all men are equal under law
  • life, liberty, and property cant be taken illegally
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9
Q

Niccolo Machiavelli

A

Wrote the PRINCE

  • discusses what it takes to make an effective govt
  • successful govts are those in which the citizens feel a patriotic attachment to the govt
  • govt acts in their own self Intrest
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10
Q

Bishop Bossuet

A

Political Ideas Derived from the Very Words of Holt Scripture

  • royal absolutism
  • the king is gods representative on earth
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11
Q

King James I

A

Free Law of Free Monarchy

  • compares relationship of king and the people to a family
  • the king doesn’t answer to the people but only God
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12
Q

Jean Bodin

A

Six Books Of the Republic

  • in every country there must be a supreme power
  • the king must be constrained by natural law
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13
Q

Legis Summi Imperi

A

“Salic Law”

- no women can rule

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14
Q

English Petition of Rights

A

King could NOT

  • levy taxes
  • imprison someone w/o a specific charge and w/o provision for a jury trial
  • quarter soldiers in private homes without the consent of the owners
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15
Q

English civil war and commonwealth

A
  1. Idea of absolute monarchy destroyed forever in England
  2. The House of Commons becomes political power in England
  3. Opposition to standing army
16
Q

Thomas Hobbs

A

Leviathan

- man without government - “state of nature” - chaos

17
Q

Act of Habeas Corpus

A

Illegal for someone to be arrested without a charge and making provisions for a jury trial

18
Q

English bill of rights

A

The king could not:

  • Suspend law
  • Levy taxes
  • Raise an army without parliaments consent
  • interfere in parliamentary elections
19
Q

The enlightenment

A

-Started in France

Stressed - science, reason, human nature, natural law

20
Q

Writers of the enlightenment

A

Philosophes

21
Q

Basis of the enlightenment

A

By observing human behavior, in history and in the present, one can discover te laws that govern human nature and these laws can be used to design a harmonious and orderly society

  • freedom of thought and religion
22
Q

Enlightened despotism

A
  • A ruler justified his authority on his usefulness to society
  • the ruler is the nations servant
23
Q

John Locke

A

Two Treatisies of Government

  • man is born with natural rights
    1. Life
    2. Liberty
    3. Property
  • govt created to protect those rights
  • if govt fails man has right to replace that govt
24
Q

Barron de Montesquieu

A 
The Spirit of Laws
- separation of powers
- government should be divided into 3 groups
1 makes the laws
1 enforces it
1 enterprers it
25
Q

Voltaire

A
  • Belived that rulers should use their authority to reform
  • firm believer in freedom of religion
  • freedom of thought and expression
  • used satire to get his message out in Candide
26
Q

Jean Jacques Rousseau

A

Social Contract

- the general will, if determined democratically, is more important than the will of any individual

27
Q

Marquis Cesare di Beccaria

A

An Essay on Crime and Punishment

- a system of laws that apply equally to all classes of men

28
Q

Physiocrats

A

People who wrote about economic issues during the enlightenment
- land = source of wealth

29
Q

Francois Quesnay

A

The Economic Table

- supports the idea of laissez-faire

30
Q

Adam Smith

A 
Wealth of nations 
- Wealth based on production
- more production, more wealth
- got should encourage people to produce as much as they can 
- first time capitalism is encouraged 
King= head of state
Parliament= leg and exec
- House of Commons
- House of Lords
31
Q

Chair of commity of style

A

Goveneur Morris

32
Q

5 major objectives of Const. Convention

A
  • Create a republic
  • Stronger central government
  • Written constitution
  • Govt that will protect property and human rights
  • Wanr to reform society
33
Q

3 areas of conflict at Const Convention

A

Economic- agricultural vs industrial

How strong should nat’l govt be?

Representation in congress: large states VS small states

34
Q

Virginia Plan

A 
James Madison
3 branches of govt
- legislative 
Bicameral
Representation based on pop
Lower house chosen by voters
Upper house chosen by lower house
Each rep has 1 vote
- executive
Chosen by congress
- judicial
Chosen by congress
35
Q

New Jersey Plan

A 
William Patterson
3 branches of govt
- legislative
Unicameral
Members chosen by voters
Each state has 1 vote
Increased powers of congress
- executive
Committe of 3 chosen by congress
- judicial
Chosen by congress
36
Q

Connecticut compromise

A

Roger Sherman

  • Lower House
    1. House of rep
    2. Membership based on population
    3. Chosen by voters
    4. Each memeber has 1 vote
  • Upper House
    1. Senate
    2. Each state has 2 members and 2 votes
    3. Chosen by state legislature
37
Q

Electoral College

A
  • The number of electors awarded to each state = members in congress
  • electors chosen by state legislature
  • each elector casts 2 votes
  • 1st is pres 2nd is Vice
  • if no one wins, the election goes to the house where each state has 1 vote

Government (7 decks)

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