Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are differences between protons and neutrons

A

Protons - are a positive charge, determines identity of the element

Neutrons - Have a neutral charge, Number of neutrons can change mass of element and create an isotope of the element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are similarities between protons and neutrons

A

they are both centered in the nucleus of an atom. They add up to equal the mass number.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the differences between protons and electrons?

A

Protons - are a positive charge and are located inside the nucleus

Electrons - are a negative charge and located outside of the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do you write an isotope that has 1 protein and 2 neutrons

A

3/1H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do you write the symbol for an isotope that has 92 protons and 146 neutrons

A

238/92U

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Periodic law

A

the elements if arranged according to their atomic weights, show a distinct periodicity of their properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Period

A

Horizontal row of elements in the periodic table

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Group

A

or families, are columns of elements in the periodic table. They share many similarities , as in the human family.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ion

A

Electronically charged particles that result from a gain or loss of one or more electrons by the parent atom.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Does N tend to form a positive or negative ion

A

Positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the element Ca

A

Calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name the element Cu

A

Copper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the element Co

A

Cobalt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How many valence electrons are found in Mg

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many valence electrons are found in K

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How many valence electrons are found in C

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many valence electrons are found in Br

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many valence electrons are found in Ar

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What sublevels would be found in the principal energy level 1?

A

1s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What sublevels would be found in the principal energy level 2?

A

2s, 2p

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What sublevels would be found in the principal energy level 3?

A

3s, 3p, 3d

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What sublevels would be found in the principal energy level 4?

A

4s, 4p, 4d, 4f

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q 
What is the max number of electrons that can exist in the following principal energy levels?
s?
p?
d?
f?
A

s-2
p-6
d-10
f-14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q 
How do you write the electron configuration for an atom or ion of:
14silicone
53Iodine
15P3-
35Br-
A

Silicone - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p2
Iodine - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d10, 4p6, 5s2, 4d10, 5p5
Phosphorous - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6,3s2,3p6
Br - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d10, 4p6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Is Se2-, KR isoelectric?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Is Mg2+, Ne isoelectric?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Is Mg2+, Na isoelectric?

A

no

28
Q

Is Li+, Ne isoelectric?

A

no

29
Q

Is S2-, F- isoelectric?

A

no

30
Q

Rank Cl, Br, I, and F by atomic size

A

F, Cl, Br, I

31
Q

Rank Cl, Br, I, and F by ionization energy

A

I, BR, CL, F

32
Q

Rank Cl, Br, I, and F by atomic size by electron affinity

A

I, BR, CL, F

33
Q

Atomic Number?

A

Number of protons in the atom

34
Q

Mass?

A

Sum of the number of protons and neutrons

35
Q

Ionization energy

A

energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom

36
Q

Electron Affinity

A

Energy released when a single electron is added to an isolated atom

Increases, it releases more energy, as you go up in a family or to the right of a period

37
Q

Valence electron?

A

are the outermost electrons in an atom, used in bonding process

38
Q

Atomic orbital

A

specific region of a sublevel containing a maximum of 2 electrons

39
Q

principal energy levels

A

regions where electrons may be found, and have integral values designated n=1, n=2, and so forth

40
Q

electron configuration

A

describes the arrangement of electrons in an atom

41
Q

Does a metal tend to gain an electron or lose

A

lose

42
Q

Does a non-metal tend to gain an electron or lose

A

gain

43
Q

ground state/relaxation

A

when electron of atom are in the lowest possible energy levels

44
Q

excited state

A

when electron is furthest from nucleus

45
Q

Dalton’s Theory

A

smallest unit of matter is an atom

46
Q

atoms consist of what?

A

subatomic particles

47
Q

spectroscopy

A

absorption or emission of light by atoms

48
Q

electromagnetic radiation

A

to understand light: UV, gamma, visible light, microwave

49
Q

What involved in a chemical reaction?

A

only electrons

50
Q

Metals are what at room temp?

A

solid, except mercury

51
Q

What else increases if Principal levels increase

A

energy

52
Q

Subshell # of orbitals

A

S- 1
P - 3
D - 5
F - 7

53
Q

Cation

A

Loses electrons (positive charge), metals, smaller

54
Q

Anion

A

Gains electrons (negative charge), non-metal, bigger

55
Q

Ionization does what down a group/family?

A

Decreases

56
Q

Ionization does what across a period?

A

Increases

57
Q

isotope

A

atoms of same element having a different mass

58
Q

which of Dalton’s theories do not hold up?

A

2 & 3, in the list of 6

59
Q

Cathode ray tube was used to discover?

A

electrons

60
Q

what was 2nd particle to be discovered?

A

protons

61
Q

Majority of mass in an atom is located where?

A

in the nucleus

62
Q

what does light help us to understand?

A

Electronic structure

63
Q

electron density is what?

A

Electrons move rapidly within the orbital

64
Q

Equation for electron capacity

A

2 (n) ^2

n=principal energy lvl

65
Q

How do you determine number of orbitals in a subshell

A

take max electrons and divide 2

Chemistry (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions